556 COMPOSITAZ (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 
patches so thickly as to cover all the plants. In the experiments 
carried on at the Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station by 
Professor Jones, it was found that as large a quantity of salt as 
eighteen pounds to the square rod may be used. without serious 
injury to the grass; indeed the grass soon becomes all.the finer 
when relieved of its crowding competitor, for the weed so smothers 
and “runs out” the grass that it does much more harm than a 
temporary check in growth from the salt treatment. 
Plants in roadsides and waste places should be looked after and 
destroyed. If possible, the sentiment of an entire neighborhood 
should be aroused against Orange Hawkweed, for, with a plant of 
this quality, the careful farmer is largely at the mercy of any 
slovenly cultivator who chooses, 
to be regardless of communal 
welfare. 
FIELD HAWKWEED 
Hierdcium praténse, Tausch. 
Other English names: King Devil, 
Yellow Devil. 
Introduced. Perennial. Propa- 
gates by seeds and by stolons. 
Time of bloom: June to August. 
Seed-time: July to September. 
Range: Eastern Quebec to south- 
ern New York. 
Habitat: Fields, meadows, road- 
sides, and waste places. 
Not many years have passed 
since this immigrant from Europe 
landed in this country; its range 
is not as yet very extensive and 
it is to be hoped that it may not 
increase fast or far. Cattle re- 
fuse to eat the plant because of 
its bristly foliage and nauseous, 
\ bitter juices. 
Fre. 385.— Field Hawkweed (Hie- | Stems one to two feet tall, slen- 
racium pratense). xX}. der, bristly hairy, with two or three 
