CULICID.^: THE ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES 67 



Anopheles, Meigen {sensu latiore); (Gr. avw4>e\>U = 

 unprofitable, harmful). 



Head somewhat pyramidal, usually with great abundance 

 of upright forked scales, never covered with imbricating flat 

 scales or with narrow curved scales, though scales of these 

 and other kinds may at times be present. Maxillary palps 

 about the same length as the proboscis in both sexes, clubbed 

 in the male. 



Scutum either with hairs, which are often sparse, or with 

 scales, which seldom form a really thick coat. Scutellum 

 with the free edge simply convex, not three-lobed. Meta- 

 notum bare. 



Abdomen either with sparse hairs alone, or with scales 

 and hairs in varying proportion, the scales being sometimes 

 limited or localised, occasionally fairly abundant, but hardly 

 ever forming a uniform, dense, close, imbricating investment 

 of squames. 



Wings as a rule — to which, however, there are not a few 

 exceptions — spotted. 



In repose the body, as a rule, is inclined at a strong 

 angle with the resting surface. 



The larva (Fig. 13) floats in a horizontal position, being 

 moored to the surface-film by fan-like tufts of scales situated 

 in lateral series on the dorsal surface of a varying number of 

 the abdominal segments. The tracheae do not pass into a 

 breathing-tube, but open in a hollow at the base of a papilla 

 on the dorsal surface of the 8th abdominal segment. The 

 larva is further characterised (Fig. 13) by the clypeal hairs, 

 which may be either simple, or branched ; by the row of 

 branched or plumose frontal hairs placed between and 

 slightly behind the antennae ; and by the long feather-like 

 hairs on the sides of the thorax and anterior abdominal 

 segments. 



It is convenient to divide this genus into seven subgenera 

 or twelve series, paying due but not exclusive attention to 

 Theobald's criterion of scale-structure. With reference to the 

 scale-test in its more minute applications, it would be well 

 if collectors would carefully notice whether or not the 

 distribution of the abdominal scales and the breadth of 



