308 ENTOMOLOGY FOR MEDICAL OFFICERS 



the world, (b) Otostigmince, with four eyes on each side, and 

 with oval or circular stigmata placed obliquely to the long 

 axis of the body. Found in the tropics all round the globe, 

 (c) Scolopendrida, with four eyes on each side, and with slit-like . 

 or triangular stigmata lying parallel to the long axis of the 

 body. Found throughout the tropical and warmer temperate 

 zones. 



Family Craterostigmidce. Fifteen pairs of legs. Stigmata 

 five on each side. One eye on each side. One species, 

 restricted to Tasmania. 



Family Lithobiida. Body short. Fifteen pairs of legs. 

 Antennae of few or many segments, shorter than the body. 

 Stigmata six or seven on each side. Eyes, one or many on 

 each side. Found in all parts of the world. 



Of Notostigmatics there is only one family, namely, 

 Scutigeridce, of very active Centipedes with spidery legs. 

 Body short, with fifteen pairs of long, slender legs of 

 successively increasing length. Antennae as long as the 

 body, their segments very numerous. The stigmata are 

 buttonhole-like slits in the hind edges of seven of the eight 

 visible terga, and form a median dorsal series. The eyes, of 

 which there are a pair, differ from those of all other Centi- 

 pedes in being compound and faceted. Found in all warm 

 parts of the world. 



Order DiPLOPODA : Millipedes (Gr. SiirXoOs = double ; 7ro!5s=foot). 



The body is cylindrical or semicylindrical, but sometimes is flattened ; 

 it can usually be rolled into a flat coil or even into a ball ; it is often 

 extremely long, but is sometimes short like that of a wood-louse. The 

 cuticle is generally calcified, and particularly hard. 



The head carries a pair of antennas, which commonly are clubbed and 

 composed of 7 segments ; a pair of mandibles, which end in a large 

 tooth and a striated molar facet ; and a pair of maxillae, which, though 

 all their parts are distinctly recognisable, are united to form a lower lip. 

 Behind the head come 4 segments, the first 3 of which have each a pair 

 of legs, while the 4th has none ; the genital openings, in both sexes, lie 

 on or near the second pair of these legs, or their coxas. All the segments 

 behind the first 4 — or nearly all — are peculiar in having each two pairs of 

 legs. The legs, which are slender and weak, are attached close together 

 near the mid-ventral line. The last, or anal, segmjsnt is larger than any 

 of the others, and its tergum may be produced into a spur. Breathing is 

 carried on by trachete ; and the stigmata open on the sterna of the 



