PIPE FITTINGS AND TOOLS 



147 



vices of a skilled plumber. On the contrary, any one who is 

 handy with tools will find pipe-fitting a comparatively simple 

 task. The most laborious part of the work is digging the trenches, 

 for these should be excavated deep enough for the pipes to lie 

 below frost line — thirty inches or thereabouts. A pipe vise, pipe 

 cutter, set of dies for cutting threads, and a couple of Stillson 

 wrenches are the essential tools. 



Pipe. — It is better to use galvanized pipe throughout the sys- 

 tem, although black iron pipe will answer the purpose. In laying 



y-g- .•jluda jgatKli S'O''^ CftKia , 



(Kansas Experiment Station) 

 Fig. 103. — Floor plan of a well-arranged poultry house. 



out the piping underground, it is well to make provision for ex- 

 tending the system at some future time. That is — put in tee 

 connections here and there, at points where you may want to 

 run off pipe lines to new buildings. These tees can be shut off by 

 plugs made for the purpose, and they will also act as clean-outs 

 should any trouble occur. If these tee connections are not in- 

 stalled, and later one wishes to tap into the main feed pipe, it 

 will be very difficult to do so without taking up a great deal of the 

 system. The reason for this is obvious: The pipe and fittings 

 are all threaded right-handed, and unless unions are installed, 



