146 Tue Birps Asout US. 
I have seen them in winter bore into apples that 
were dried up and very hard, as I considered them, 
_to get at the seeds, but never could determine whether 
they drank what little juice there might be left in the 
fruit. Very often their efforts would dislodge the 
apple, and I never knew them to follow it to the 
ground. An open squirrel-nest is sometimes visited 
in autumn, and the scattered white grubs that are 
among the accumulated shells of the nuts are, I sup- 
pose, the attraction. When deep snows cover the 
ground—not a feature of recent winters—these little 
woodpeckers will come to the barns and stables and 
seek shelter and food there. I have found them at 
times in cow-sheds and apparently weak from ex- 
posure and hunger, at least they were remarkably 
tame. Vegetable food under such conditions seemed 
" very acceptable. 
The Red-cockaded Woodpecker is a Southern bird, 
discovered by Wilson in North Carolina, and it is 
said to occasionally wander as far up the coast as 
New Jersey, and one or two examples collected near 
Philadelphia have been preserved. 
The Arctic Three-toed Woodpeckers, on the other 
hand, are, as the name indicates, Northern species 
that do not wander as far south as the Middle States. 
Of course there are a few exceptions to all such 
rules, perhaps a good many more than we are will- 
ing to admit, but it is quite true that visits to the col- 
lections of local collectors sometimes prove “ eye- 
openers” to the professional ornithologist. 
In the Northwest they are common. Dr. Cooper 
found them 
