20 POMPECKJ. JURASSIC FAUNA OF CAPE FLORA. [norw. POL. EXP. 



feet (45 m.) above the sea. I did not get an opportunity of examining more 

 closely whether this rock was actually in place, or whether it was a loose 

 rock fallen from above, for which, however, it seemed to be to large and 

 massive. Above this place, and at the margin of the glacier, I remember, 

 also, to have seen basalt cliffs in place a good deal lower than they were 

 above Elmwood, and this was my reason for suspecting that a dislocation 

 had taken place. I asked Koettlitz what he had to say about this point, and in 

 the letter, already twice referred to, he says: „If you remember, the basalt 

 here descends much lower than anywhere else in the immediate neighbour- 

 hood as far as can be seen. There are several bosses of rock situ- 

 ated at this lower level, and these I have investigated a good deal. These 

 basaltic masses" (i. e. the low rock mentioned above, some 150 feet above 

 the sea, and the other rocks somewhat higher) „are continuous with the 

 basaltic rocks above, that is, there is no break by other strata between them ; 

 they are therefore in situ, and though I did not actually see the fault — for 

 the rocks are here very lava-like, crumbling, and shattered — I am of opinion 

 that there has been a dislocation of strata here, that the whole mass (basalt 

 and stratified rock) has sunk considerably, and this accounts for these fossils 

 having been found at such different horizons. And I quite agree with you 

 that this spot so gradually sloping, almost flat, with no steep talus behind, 

 could not have received these fossils upon it through their having fallen 

 from above". If this be the right explanation, I should say that either seve- 

 ral dislocations have taken place, or the rocks have not sunk regularly, because 

 the fossils found at the margin of the „ glacier", were lying on clay at a 

 higher level (about 60 m. (?) above the sea) than the basaltic rock 

 south-east of it (about 45 m. or 150 feet (?) above the sea). But there 

 is still the difficulty left, that at this locality are found fossils both from 

 the medium horizon 2 (p. 13), and from the upper horizon 3 (p. 14) and even 

 from a still higher horizon (see Pompeckj later); and between these horizons 

 there should be a difference of height of some 40 m. (120 feet) at least. We 

 shall perhaps after all be forced to admit the possibility of some transportation 

 by glacial action, or by some other means, even though there may be some 

 irregularity in the height of the strata. There is also a possibility that these 

 low basaltic rocks may be intrusive, and may have been formed simul- 

 taneously with the dislocations. 



