NO. 2.] STRATIGRAPHIC RESULTS. 



121 



height of 200 ft. above the sea, a fact which Prof, Nansen calls especial 

 attention to in his diary. This piece, found together with fossils of the 

 Callovian, shows in a most remarkable manner a closer affinity to species of 

 the Bajocian than to more recent species. Whether it ought nevertheless to 

 be referred to the Callovian, I cannot determine, as the piece, which is 

 composed of dark, gray calcite, was found without any trace of adhering rock. 

 Amberleya sp. (p. 68) from the same locality probably belongs also to 

 the Callovian; the more precise age of this form cannot be determined. 



The fossils found loose on July 12th, 1896, at the margin of the 

 glacier NW. of Elmwood, 100—200 ft. above the sea, are, as has already 

 been shown, the faunistic representatives of the three separately-established 

 zones in the Callovian of Russia, Wiirttemberg (and Franconia), France, the 

 Swiss Jura and Hanover, viz. those of: 



(3) Peltoceras athleta, 



(2) EeinecMa anceps, 



(1) Macrocephalites macrocephalus. 

 While farther east, the zones of the Lower Callovian (south-western end 

 of Windy Gully 400 ft.) and of the Middle Callovian (above Elmwood, 500—550 ft,) 

 are distributed over a series of layers at least 150—200 ft. thick, and are in 

 situ at a much higher level, we here find at the margin of the glacier NW. 

 of Elmwood, the rocks and fossils of the Lower and Middle (and of the 

 Upper) Callovian, at an inconsiderable height above the sea — 100 ft. — 200 ft. 

 —consequently at least 200 ft. (up to 300) beneath the Lower Callovian at 

 Windy Gully, and spread in loose blocks over a considerably smaller verti- 

 cal area. This occurrence at a lower level, and over a smaller vertical ex- 

 tent, can be explained by a sinking of the strata west of Elmwood (vide p. 

 19), if it is in conjunction with a more pronounced dip ^ of the strata towards 

 the north and north-west, than has been observed. The accumulation of the 

 different rocks and fossils of the various zones can here also be partly due 

 to the movement of the glacier. NW. of Elmwood, the glacier descending 

 rapidly westwards and towards the sea can have carried rocks and fossils 

 from various higher levels to this lower level. 



' Professor Nansen records "horizontal layers" at the south-western end of Windy Gully, 

 and Newton and Teall write (1. c. p. 512): "The sedimentary strata in the south of 

 Franz Josef Land are believed to be regularly horizontal with only a slight dip to 

 the north-east". 



16 



