64 Firrp Musrum or Natura History — Zoorocy, Vou. XI. 
but upon leaving them and returning to the spot a short time afterwards, 
they had invariably disappeared. The food of the adult consists largely 
of grass and the young and tender leaves and buds of shrubs and trees, 
together with aquatic plants. 
Albinism occurs occasionally in Deer as in many other mammals, 
although perfectly white specimens are rare. The Field Museum col- 
lection contains a fine white buck of the northern race taken in Minne- 
sota. 
Odocoileus virginianus borealis (MILLER). 
NorTHERN WHITE-TAILED DEER. 
Odocoileus americanus borealis MILLER, Bull. N. Y. State Mus., VIII, 1900, p. 83. 
Jackson, Bull. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc., VI, 1908, p. 4 (Wisconsin); Zb., VIII, 1910, 
p. 86 (Wisconsin). 
Odocoileus virginianus borealis ADAMS, Rept. State Board Geol. Surv. Mich., 1905 
(1906), p. 128 (Michigan). 
Odocoileus virginianus SNYDER, Bull. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc., II, 1902, p. 126 (Wiscon- 
sin). 
Cervus poms virginianus HERRICK, Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn., Bull. No. 7, 
1892, p. 281 (Minnesota). 
Cervus Virginianus LaPHaM, Trans. Wis. State Agr. Soc., IT, 1852 (1853), p. 337 (Wis- 
consin). STRONG, Geol. Wis., Surv. 1873-79, I, 1883, p. 437 (Wisconsin). 
Cervus virginianus Mies, Geol. Surv. Mich., 1861, p. 222 (Michigan). 
Type locality — Bucksport, Maine. 
Distribution — Northern tier of United States and southern Canada, 
west at least to the Rocky Mountains. 
Special characters — Similar to O. virginianus but larger, and the general 
color paler, or grayer. 
The Northern White-tailed Deer is merely a large and somewhat 
grayer race of the Virginia Deer. -All Deer which occur in Wisconsin at 
the present time probably belong to this form. The average weight of a 
full grown buck may be estimated at from 200 to 225 lbs., although Deer 
weighing 300 Ibs. are by no means uncommon, and Mr. E. T..Seton 
records one having the unusual weight of 400 Ibs.* 
In northern Wisconsin Deer are abundant in many localities and 
large numbers are killed every season. Mr. W. L. Kinney of Eagle 
River, Vilas County, informs me that in November, 1906, 300 dead Deer 
were shipped from that station. Farther south they become less com- 
mon, and in Jackson, Munroe, and Juneau counties they are compara- 
tively scarce. Probably the most southern limit of their range in Wis- 
consin at the present time is Sauk County, where, according to Mr. H. 
B. Quimby of Reedsburg, they are still to be found. Jackson states that 
lately Deer have become quite abundant in Sauk County, (I. c., p. 86). 
* Life Histories of Northern Animals, I, 1909, p. 71. 
