Feg., 1912. MAmMaLs oF ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN — Cory. 81 
Rangifer caribou (GMEL.). 
WoopDLaND CARIBOU. 
[Cervus tarandus] caribou GMELIN, Syst. Nat., I, 1788, p. 177. 
Rangifer caribou AupuBON & BACHMAN, Quadrupeds N. Amer., III, 1854, p. 111. 
Barrp, Mammals N. Amer., 1857, p. 633 (Isle Royale, Michigan). MILEs, 
Rept. Geol. Surv. Mich., 1860 (1861), p. 222 (Michigan). GILLMAN, Amer. Nat., 
VII, 1873, p. 751 (Isle Royale, Michigan). MumLier, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. 
Hist., XXVIII, 1897, p. 40 (North shore Lake Superior). Apams, Rept. State 
Board Geol. Surv. Mich., 1905 (1906), p. 131 (Michigan). Jb., 1908 (1909), 
p- 390 (Isle Royale, Michigan). 
Rangifer tarandus LapuaM, Trans. Wis. State Agr. Soc., II, 1852 (1853), p. 340 
(Wisconsin). Herrick, Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn., Bull. No. 7, 1892, p. 
274 (Minnesota). 
Rangifer Caribou Hoy, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts & Letters, V, 1882, p. 256 (Wis- 
consin). 
Type locality — Eastern Canada. 
Distribution — Wooded portions of British America and northern 
portions of Maine, Montana and Minnesota; formerly casual or 
accidental in extreme northern Michigan and Wisconsin. 
Description — Adult male in summer: Antlers large, irregular and 
variable, the branches much flattened and palmate; nose entirely 
covered with hair; hair on throat long; general color dark brown, 
much paler on the neck; lower part of abdomen, inside of legs and 
a space above the hoofs white. 
In winter: General color decidedly more gray and head 
and neck grayish white. Female has antlers like the male but 
smaller. 
Measurements — Adult male: Length, 6 to 6% feet; height at shoulder, 
42 to 48 inches; length of antlers, generally from 32 to 42 inches. 
There is no reason to doubt the occurrence of the Woodland Caribou 
in early days in northern Wisconsin, but at the present time, if it occurs 
at all, it must be considered as an exceedingly rare straggler. 
Dr. Hoy states: ‘‘The Woodland Caribou, Rangifer Caribou, were 
probably never numerous within the limits of the state, a few, however, 
were seen near La Point in 1840, none since”’ (/.c., p. 256). Inaletter 
to me under date of January 13, 1910, Mr. W. J. Webster, Superintendent 
of Schools, Park Falls, Price County, Wisconsin, writes, “A Caribou 
was killed in this county near White River, sometimes called Wide 
River, by a homesteader whose name I have forgotten. I think 
that the place was somewhere about ten miles southeast of Ashland.” 
Mr. R. E. Boll of Channing, Dickinson County, Michigan (about 
18 miles from the Wisconsin state line), writes, ‘‘A cow Caribou was 
