Fes., t912.. Mammats or ILLINOIS AND WISCONSIN — Cory. 87 
Family BOVIDZ. Bison, Oxen, Sheep, etc. 
Horns curved and cylindrical, simple (not branched), hollow and 
permanent (not annually shed), usually present in both sexes; lach- 
rymal bone almost always articulating with the nasal; no canine 
teeth or incisors in upper jaw; canines in lower jaw resembling incisors; 
stomach divided into four compartments as in most other Ruminants; 
gall bladdcr present;* lateral digits represented by ‘‘false hoofs’’ or 
absent. A widely distributed family, including the American Bison 
or Buffalo, Oxen, Sheep, Goats, etc., as well as the true Antclopes, 
but not the so-called American Antelope or Pronghorn which is usually 
placed in a family by itself.j. Three subfamilies are represented in 
North Amcrica: Bison (Bovine), Musk-oxen (Ovibovine); and Moun- 
tain Sheep and Goats (Caprina). 
Genus BISON H. Smith. 
Bison H. Smith, Griffith’s Cuvier Animal Kingdom, V, 1827, p. 373. 
Type Bos bison Linn. 
Horns curved and cvlindrical, hollow and permanent; body covered 
with woolly hair; head, part of neck and upper fore legs covered with 
long, shaggy hair; a ‘hump’ on shoulders due to unusually long 
vertebral spines at that point; horns and hoofs black. 
Dental formula: [es m. —<— 
373 I~1I Sas 
The living representatives of this genus are the American Bison 
and its northern race, the Wood Bison, together with the European 
Bison (B. bonasus), which still exists in parts of Lithuania, Roumania, 
and the Caucasus. 
Bison bison (Lrnn.). 
AMERICAN Bison. BUFFALO. 
[Bos] bison Linna&us, Syst. Nat., X ed., 1758, p. 72. 
Bison] bison JorDAN, Man. Vert. Anim., 5th ed., 1888, p. 337. 
Bison bison GARMAN, Bull. Essex Inst., XXVI, 1894, p. 4 (Kentucky). Ruoaps, 
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1896 (1897), p. 177 (Tennessee). OsBorn, Annals 
of Iowa, VI, 1905, p. 563 (Iowa). 
*Except in Cephalopus. 
+Dr. M. W. Lyon considers the American Antelope to belong to the family 
Bovide. (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXXIV, 1908, p. 398.) 
