56 THE PASSERINE SUB-FAMILIES. 



First priinary less than half as long as second— 

 Certhiin^ (Creepers) — bill long, curved, and slender ; tail 



rounded ; hind claw long and curved. 85, 86. 

 MuscicapiNjE (Flycatchers) — bill broad, flat and bristled at 



base. 78-80. 

 Laniin^ (Shrikes) — bill short and deeply toothed ; two toes 



united. 73, 76. 

 SittiNjE (Nuthatch) — bill long and straight ; feet large and 



strong ; two toes united. 58. 

 PariNyE (Tits) — three toes united as far as second joint ; hind 



claw long. 50-57. 

 ACCENTORIN^ (Accentors) — bill strong and straight ; wings 



rounded ; tarsus scutellate ; two toes united. 45, 46. 

 TuRDlN^ (Thrushes and Warblers) — see analysis of g-enera. 



1-44. 



