166 BACTERIOLOGY. 
soluble in water, and has, therefore, little value. 
Many methods are used for bringing it into solution 
so as to make use of its powerful disinfecting prop- 
erties. With equal parts of crude sulphuric acid it is 
a powerful disinfectant, but it is, of course, strongly 
corrosive. An alkaline emulsion of the cresols and 
other products contained in ‘‘ crude’? carbolic acid 
with soap is called creolin. It is used in 1 to 5 per 
cent. emulsions. It is fully as powerful as pure car- 
bolic acid. Lysol is similar to creolin, except that it 
has more of the cresols and less of the other products. 
It and creolin are of about the same value. 
Tricresol is a refined mixture of the three cresols 
(meta-, para-, and ortho-). It is soluble in water to 
the extent of 2.5 per cent., and is about three times 
the strength of carbolic acid. 
Aniline Dyes. Some of these colors possess marked 
germicidal qualities. According to observers, methyl- 
violet (pyoktanin) and malachite-green destroy the 
typhoid bacillus in bouillon cultures in the proportion 
of 1 to 200 in two hours’ exposure, and the pyogenic 
cocci in less. In 1 to 100,000 solutions they are said 
to retard the development of bacteria. 
Oil of turpentine, 1 to 200, prevents the growth of 
bacteria. 
Camphor has very slight antiseptic action. 
Creosote in 1 to 200 kills many bacteria in ten min- 
utes; 1 to 100 failed to kill tubercle bacilli in twelve 
hours. 
Essential oils: Cardéac and Meumir found that the 
essences of cinnamon, cloves, thyme, and others killed 
typhoid bacilli within one hour. Sandal-wood required 
twelve hours. 
