BACILLUS TYPHOSUS. All 
these bacteria are found side by side with the typhoid 
bacilli; in such cases it is difficult to say which was the 
primary and which was the secondary infection. 
The peculiar arrangement of the typhoid bacilli in the 
body can only be explained by their passage through 
the circulation; and this is proved by the bacilli being 
found in the spleen almost constantly and in smaller 
numbers in the blood itself. Thus, Neuhauss has had 
nine positive results out of fifteen in cultures from vein 
blood. 
The typhoid bacillus can be transmitted also from 
the blood of the mother to the foetus (Eberth, Fraenkel, 
etc.). In one case reported by Ernst a living child, 
four days after birth, showed evidences of general 
typhoid infection, icterus and rose-spots. Frascani 
reports that in animal experiments he has frequently 
found typhoid bacilli in the fcetus. 
Not infrequently typhoid bacilli are found in the 
secretions. They are present in the urine in about 20 
per cent. of the cases in the third and fourth week of 
typhoid fever. Slight pathological lesions in the kid- 
neys almost always occur in typhoid fever, but severe 
lesions also sometimes occur. In a case under our ob- 
servation the urine was distinctly purulent and crowded 
with typhoid bacilli. The bacillus typhosus is not 
commonly found in the sweat, but Geisler observed it 
once. It has also been detected, though rarely, in the 
sputum and secretions of the throat. 
In cases of pneumonia due to the typhoid bacillus it 
is abundantly present in the sputa, and care should be 
taken to disinfect the expectoration of typhoid patients. 
According to Chiari, in typhoid fever the bacilli are 
almost always present in the gall-bladder. The bacilli 
