604 BACTERIOLOGY. 
degeneration, in the secretions from the nostrils, or in 
the pus from the specific ulcers and suppurating glands. 
As a rule, it is necessary to make animal tests of these 
discharges by inoculating susceptible animals, as guinea- 
pigs and mice, and then from these to obtain a pure cul- 
ture; but this requires time, and in clinical work it is 
of great importance for the diagnosis to be established 
as quickly as possible. With this view Strauss has 
prepared a method which is prompt and which has 
given very satisfactory results. This consists in intro- 
ducing into the peritoneal cavity of a male guinea-pig 
some material or a culture from the suspected products. 
If it be a case of glanders, the diagnosis may be made 
within two or three days from the tumefaction of the 
testicles, which become red and swollen, and show evi- 
dences of pus formation. One objection to this method, 
however, is that occasionally from the injection of im- 
pure material, as in the nasal secretion, the animal may 
die of septicemia. This is particularly frequent when 
field mice are used for the tests; but if pure matter can 
be obtained, as from the lymphatic glands of the horse, 
this method is entirely satisfactory. 
The diagnosis of glanders in horses, in which the 
usual symptoms of the disease have not yet manifested 
themselves, or in which it is suspected, may often be 
made by the use of mallein. Following an injection 
of mallein in a glanderous horse, which should be 
made about midnight, there will be a local reaction, 
aud a general reaction with a rise of temperature. 
The temperature usually begins to rise three or four 
hours after the injection, and reaches its maximum 
between the tenth and twelfth hour. Sometimes, how- 
ever, the highest point is not reached until fifteen or 
