INDEX OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 675 
of Weichselbaum is usually found. Streptococcus, 483, pyogenes has 
also been met with in a certain number of cases, and occasionally 
the colon and typhoid bacilli and other species of bacteria. 
Chalazion. Whether stye is a specific affection or due to mixed 
infection by the ordinary pus cocci is not known. 
Chancroid. Ducrey (1890) discovered a bacillus, called by him 
bacillus ulceris cancrosi, which he obtained from the pus of soft 
chancres and buboes, and believed to be the cause of the disease, 
but he and others who have found it failed to cultivate it. 
Cholera Asiatica. Due to the cholera spirillum, or Koch’s 
‘“comma bacillus,” 579. 
Cholera Infantum. According to Booker and Jeffries, Bagin- 
sky and others cholera infantum is not due to a specific micro- 
organism, but to the action of the common putrefactive bacteria, 
such as the colon bacillus and the proteus vulgaris and other allied 
species, which, decomposing the food before it is digested, give rise 
to toxic products, which are then absorbed in the alimentary canal. 
Cholera Nostras. Finkler and Prior (1884) obtained from the 
feces of patients with cholera nostras a spirillum which they be- 
lieved to be the specific cause of this disease, but this has not been 
corroborated by experiment. It is more probable that cholera 
nostras, summer diarrhcea, and all this class of gastro-intestinal dis- 
orders are induced by the development of toxic products as the 
result of the ferment action of various species of bacteria, such as the 
colon, 452, and proteus groups. 
Cholecystitis. The bacteria most commonly found are the colon 
bacillus, 453, and less often the typhoid bacillus. In the cases where 
typhoid infection is present the bacilli may remain in the gall- 
bladder for years. 
Cholelithiasis. The colon, 453, and less often typhoid bacilli 
are met with. Typhoid bacilli have been found at operations for 
gallstones ten years after an attack of typhoid fever. (See Johns 
Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, 1899.) 
Conjunctivitis. The specific infectious forms of conjunctivitis 
are undoubtedly due to the action of bacteria, as gonorrheeal, 525, 
ophthalmia, and perhaps Egyptian catarrhal conjunctivitis (to the 
bacillus discovered by Koch and studied by Kartulis, Weeks and 
others), and diphtheritic conjunctivitis (to the Klebs-Léfler bacil- 
lus, 349, when associated with diphtheria, or perhaps to the xerosis, 
348, bacillus). The non-infectious forms of conjunctivitis, however, 
are probably due, not to the action of specific micro-organisms, but 
