680 INDEX OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 
cause of acute osteomyelitis; but though present in many cases, alone 
or associated with other bacteria, this is not the only organism found 
in the affection. Staphylococcus pyogenes albus, streptococcus pyo- 
genes, pneumococcus, and bacillus typhosus have also been found in 
osteomyelitis by various observers. This disease cannot, therefore, 
be regarded as a specific infection, but is rather a localized infectious 
process due to various micro-organisms. Chronic osteomyelitis and 
periostitis may also be considered in like manner as localized infec- 
tions due to the tubercle bacillus. 
Otitis Media. The micro-organisms most frequently found in 
the purulent discharges in recent cases of otitis media are: Pneumo- 
coccus, streptococcus, staphylococcus pyogenes aureus and albus, and 
Friedlander’s bacillus. Occasionally found are : Bacillus pyocyaneus, 
micrococcus tetragenus, bacillus coli communis, and diphtheria ba- 
cillus, etc. These bacteria are undoubtedly responsible, directly or 
indirectly, for the inflammatory process and pus formation, 
Ozena. According to the investigations of Babes, Hajek and 
others the micro-organisms most constantly found in the nasal 
secretions of this affection are: Friedlinder’s bacillus, or a capsule 
bacillus closely resembling this, and the bacillus ozenz of Hajek, 
though other species of bacteria are also often present. 
Parotitis. Simple uncomplicated mumps is probably due to 
some specific micro-organism not as yet discovered, but the suppura- 
tive inflammation is undoubtedly caused by one or other of the 
ordinary pyogenic cocci. In parotitis occurring as a complication 
of other infectious diseases, as pneumonia and typhoid fever, the 
specific infective agents of these affections have been obtained in 
pure culture from the pus of the parotid abscess. 
Pericarditis. Various micro-organisms have been found in the 
pericardial sac in pericarditis—the ordinary pus cocci, pneumococci, 
bacillus pyocyaneus, tubercle bacilli, ete. 
Peritonitis. Among the bacteria found commonly in peri- 
tonitis are: The ordinary pyogenic micrococci, the colon bacillus, 
449, 453, the pneumococcus, gonococcus, typhoid bacillus, tubercle 
bacillus, and proteus vulgaris. The pus cocci, especially strepto- 
coccus and the colon bacillus, appear to be the usual cause of the 
inflammatory process in puerperal peritonitis. In peritonitis fol- 
lowing appendicitis and intestinal injuries the colon bacillus is 
always present either alone or associated with other bacteria. 
Pleuritis. Levy (1895), from a résumé of the literature of the 
subject, arrives at the conclusion that the pneumococcus is the usual 
