682 INDEX OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 
accompanied by arthritis and endocarditis, has led to the belief that 
acute rheumatism is an infectious disease. All investigations here- 
tofore made, however, have failed to demonstrate the causal relation 
of the different bacilli and cocci isolated to the disease. 
Rhinitis Fibrinosa. Pseudomembranous rhinitis is often asso- 
ciated with severe faucial diphtheria, and in these cases virulent 
Klebs-Lofiler bacilli, 349, are present. The primary form of the 
affection, like conjunctivitis, usually runs a favorable course, and is 
due usually to the attenuated diphtheria bacillus; but here, too, 
occasionally virulent diphtheria bacilli are found in the fibrinous 
exudate. In such cases, of course, the nasal infection, however 
mild, may give rise to severe faucial or nasal diphtheria in others. 
In a few cases only pyogenic cocci have been found. 
Rhinoscleroma. A localized infectious process due, apparently, 
to the presence of the bacillus of rhinoscleroma. , 
Rinderpest. The etiology of this acute exanthematous disease 
in cattle is still obscure. Recovery from an attack, however, pro- 
duces marked immunity, and Koch has achieved considerable 
success in inoculating cattle against rinderpest 
Scarlet Fever. Streptococci are constantly present in large 
numbers in the pseudomembranous exudate of scarlatinal angina, 
484, and not infrequently also in the blood and organs after death 
from scarlet fever. The presence of these streptococci in scarlet 
fever is probably due to the great increase in the streptococci usually 
existing in the throat secretions, and does not indicate any specific 
causal relation to the disease. 
- Septicemia. General septicemia in man is usually due to 
infection by one or other of the common pyogenic cocci—strepto- 
coccus, 481, 483, pyogenes or staphylococcus, 469, aureus and albus. 
Other micro-organisms which may sometimes be concerned in the 
production of septicaemia are the pneumococcus, 509, and colon ba- 
cillus. Septiceemia in cattle, deer, swine, rabbits, and fowls is due 
to infection by the bacillus of fowl-cholera or rabbit septicemia 
specifically, but various other bacteria produce septicemia also in 
rabbits, mice, swine, and fowls. 
Stomatitis. Schimmelbusch, Lingard, Foote and others have 
described bacilli obtained by them from the necrotic tissues in cases 
of noma, but the etiology of the disease is by no means established. 
Syphilis. The bacillus of Lustgarten, 309, is accepted by some 
to be probably the specific cause of the disease, but this is far from 
proven. 
