48 MODERN FRUIT MARKETING 
machine. There are five different kinds of hoops used 
on the common apple barrel: The sawed hoop, the 
shaved hop, the split hoop, the iron hoop and the wire 
hoop. All of these are used more or less satisfactorily, 
but either the iron or the sawed one is recommended as 
making the strongest and best appearing barrel. 
Standard boxes are almost always made of some kind 
of pine or spruce, occasionally linden or cottonwood 
boxes are seen, but these are not generally satisfactory. 
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Fig. 32——VARIOUS TYPES OF FRUIT PACKAGES MADE 
FROM VENEER 
On the Pacifie Coast, a good many boxes are made out 
of red wood, especially for the fruit that is packed for 
the cheaper trade. Box material, as a rule, is cheaper, 
easier to handle, and for equal bulk compares very 
favorably with the cost of the apple barrel. 
Small fruits like berries are almost always in pack- 
ages made from hard wood. The small splint baskets 
are usually cut from veneer. Practically all of the 
quart or pint baskets and many of the larger splint 
baskets are made of this veneer (Fig. 32), which is cut 
