90 MODERN FRUIT MARKETING 
or common building paper can be used between the 
boards to protect the cellar against freezing from 
outside. 
It is best to make the windows double, and extra 
wooden blinds for the outside to put on when the tem- 
perature reaches zero or below. For controlling the 
ventilation in such a house, a pipe is brought up under 
the floor, reaching out 30 or 40 feet away from the house. 
It affords both drainage and an inlet for cold air. The 
air is brought in under the floor and coming up through, 
is easily distributed over the bottom. As it gets warm, 
it rises and is taken off through an outlet in the roof. 
If no rooms are to be built above the cellar, cement can 
be used throughout. The outside walls can be made of 
stone, brick, hollow tile or concrete as desired. ‘Twelve- 
inch walls would answer if the building was made of 
stone, while 6 to 8 inches thickness will only be re- 
quired if other materials are used. 
Particular attention must be given to drainage, 
Sumps can be made into the air pipes to allow the 
water to run off. If the soil is inclined to be wet, 
seepage through the walls must be looked out for. 
Moisture will collect on the inside walls and the humidity 
become too high. It is always best to cover the inside 
of the cement or stone with some waterproofing material. 
A number of such materials are now offered by the trade. 
Unless the soil is naturally very dry a cement floor is 
desirable. This is easy to keep clean, is durable, and 
will keep the packages free from dirt or soil marks. 
The roof can be made of reinforced concrete 4 or 5 
inches in thickness, according to the width of the house. 
Old railroad ‘‘T’’ rails or second-hand 2-inch pipe can 
