140 MODERN FRUIT MARKETING 
long hauls it was found that the quantity of ice required 
and the extra tonnage on account of it, added so greatly 
to the expense that various methods were introduced to 
try to cool down the fruit before being shipped. All 
of this experimenting resulted finally in the inaugura- 
tion of several pre-cooling systems which are now ex- 
tensively used both in the South and the West. 
Fig. 104—A SPECIAL CARTON 
This carton holds 100 apples and can be sent by Parcel Post in the 
first two zones. 
At present there are two well-defined systems for pre- 
cooling fruit; one known as the car system and the other 
as the box system. In the former, the fruit is loaded 
into the refrigerator cars at the warehouse and run di- 
rect to the pre-cooling plant and there cooled down in 
the cars. In the other system, the boxes are run through 
a cool room and the temperature run down before load- 
ing. Both methods have given satisfaction, but appar- 
ently the box system is gaining in importance over the 
other method. The reason for this lies mostly in two 
