SELLING AGENCIES 175 
stock company; that is, stock certificate, either common 
or preferred, is subscribed among the organizers and the 
business is then conducted upon dividend-paying basis, 
the surplus being returned to the shareholders. 
To form an organization of this kind, it would be 
necessary for the promoters to go through the fruit- 
growing sections and get growers to subscribe for certain 
amounts of stock. This may be varied from $1 up to 
$10 or even $50 a share. Stockholders would then be- 
come voters in the organization and be responsible for 
the management of the same. Often, stock is subscribed 
but only a portion of it paid in, the rest being gradually 
paid up in the gchape of dividends through succeeding 
years. 
The producers must subscribe money before it can be 
started. It is necessary for them to contribute sufficient 
sums to get the organization under way, and then they 
must take chances upon possible returns. Most of the 
fruit-growing class are more or less skeptical in regard to 
these organizations and are slow to put up money to 
properly get them into working condition. Many of these 
organizations have been failures simply from the fact 
that a sufficient number of shares get into the hands 
of more or less unscrupulous men to control the voting 
powers of the organization, and they then can play into 
the hands of their competitors and in that way the or- 
ganization is blocked, hence cannot fulfill its purpose. 
The non-profit sharing organizations are the ones which 
are now being operated throughout the United States 
and the ones which, with a few exceptions, have made the 
greatest success. These do not call for the subscription 
of money among the growers, or for the issue of stock, 
