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ATena elalior (Tall Oat-grass). A valuable grass, growing from 

 40 to 50 inches high with abundant broad leaves, liked by all sorts 

 of stock when the plants are young. It grows on both heavy and 

 lighter not, however, on marshy soil; it is a middle-early grass 

 and a quick grower. If sown early in spring, it produces very often 

 spikes the same year and is therefore strongly to be recommended 

 for such pastures that are destined for a short lay only. As, 

 however, after a few years it looses its force and is being crowded 

 out by some of the other, stronger varieties, a small proportion, 

 only should be put in mixtures for permanent pasture. In the 

 southern latitudes in Europe as well as in America it is, however, 

 used much for grazing and hay and is considered there one of the 

 most valuable of all the Natural Grasses. The fact, that it likes a 

 warm, dry climate is doubtless the reason why it seems to be 

 better in its place there than in the northern latitudes. 



Like several of the tall-growing grasses, it has a tendency of 

 going rather hard and strawy towards maturity. As soon as this 

 stage is reached, it is no longer cared for, but left alone by the 

 cattle and has lost a great deal of its nutritive value. If, therefore, 

 it is to serve for hay-making, a farmer should cut his fields, where 

 this variety happens to be predominant, when the plants are in 

 bloom. He won't loose much in bulk by doing so, but he will 

 preserve at any rate the nutritive value of it. 



Avena flavesceus (Yellow Oat-grass, true). A very valuable 

 bottom-grass of great nutritive value, growing in even tufts, 20 to 

 25 inches high, useful both for grazing and mowing-purposes and 

 very much liked by all sorts of stock. It grows, with exception of 

 the extreme wet and sandy districts, on all sorts of soil, is a 

 middle-timed under-grass, and as it produces an abundance of 

 both stems and foliage, it is one of those bottom-grasses, which 

 largely increase the bulk and value of the hay. 



If sown in the most suitable sorts of soil, it thrives and spreads 

 very freely indeed, so that a small proportion only is required 

 in a mixture for permanent pasture. 



Bromas ai-veusis (Field Bromegrass). A tuft-forming, 25 to 

 35 inches high growing mid-season upper-grass, producing a fair 

 quantity of fodder both, for grazing and hay-making purposes of, 

 however, like all the Bromus-varieties, no great nutritive value and 

 not so well-liked by cattle; horses only do not so much object to 



