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as 80 inches growing water-grass, thriving in brooks, ditches, ponds 

 and marshy tracts of land. A permanent pasture might easily do 

 without it, and yet its presence in the ditches surrounding a pasture 

 gives some aspect of completeness to it. Moreover, it is a grass 

 of good nutritive value. When mown and cut to short pieces, it 

 is in its green state when mixed with say oats a magnificent 

 fodder for horses which eat it with eagerness. 



Phlenin pratense (Timothy or Cafs-tait). One of the most 

 universally known and cultivated grasses, growing from 25 to 40 

 inches and found on nearly all sorts of soil. It is more than any 

 other a magnicifent grass iii cold moist soils, where other grasses 

 that require a warmer ditto would either not, or at any rate, only 

 poorly thrive. It is, moreover, on account of the cheapness of its 

 seed, a splendid grass for poor regions where farmers cannot or 

 are not inclined to have a great outlay of money tot create a 

 permanent pasture composed of the dearer, more valuable grasses, 

 which perhaps might even not succeed on their lands to make 

 good their costs. 



It grows in even tufts and produces a fair quantity of both 

 stalks and foliage of average nutritive value. 



We would, however, recommend it to be used especially as 

 fodder in its green state, as it tends to go hard, even if cut 

 before it is in bloom. More than of any other of the tall-growing 

 grasses, this is a drawback of Timothy if it goes for hay-making. 



It is for that reason, that we would not advise it to be used in 

 permanent pasture mixtures. It is better in its place place there, 

 where it is being used in connection with clovers. Timothy, namely, 

 being a rather late variety will, of course, be young and tender 

 yet, when the first cut of the clovers is being taken, and it does 

 not push again so quickly as to be liable to become hard at the 

 second cut. 



As, furthermore, it is a quickly developping plant and, if sown 

 in spring, produces spikes already that same year, it answers the 

 purpose of sowing in connection with clovers very well indeed. 



It might be sown also separately and in this case, where a 

 farmer has a better view of it than if sown in connection with 

 other grasses or clovers, he will sooner come to mowing it early, 

 if he discerns, that his field is shooting up too rashly and too 

 high, and if he knows, that such is detrimental to the quality of 

 the hay. 



