THE POMERANIAN. 
formation of the Pomeranian Club of Eng- 
land, which was founded in 1891, and through 
its fostering care the Pomeranian has reached 
a height of popularity far in advance of 
that attained by any other breed of toy 
dog. One of the first acts of the club was 
to draw up a standard of points as follows : 
1. Appearance.—The Pomeranian in build and 
appearance should be a compact, short-coupled 
dog, well-knit in frame His head and. face 
should be fox-like, with small erect ears that 
appear sensible to every sound; he should 
exhibit great intelligence in his expression, 
docility in his disposition, and activity and 
buoyancy in his deportment. 
2. Head.—The head should be somewhat foxy 
in outline, or wedge-shaped, the skull being 
slightly flat (although in the Toy varieties the 
skull may be rather rounder), large in proportion 
to the muzzle, which should finish rather fine, and 
be free from lippiness. The teeth should be level, 
and on no account undershot. The head in its 
profile may exhibit a little ‘stop,’ which, how- 
ever, must not be too pronounced, and the hair 
on head and face must be smooth or short-coated. 
3. Eyes.—The eyes should be medium in size, 
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rather oblique in shape, not set too wide apart, 
bright and dark in colour, showing great intelli- 
gence and docility of temper. In a white dog 
black rims round the eyes are preferable. 
4. Ears.—The ears should be small, not set too far 
apart nor too low down, and carried perfectly 
erect, like those of a fox, and like the head should 
be covered with soft, short hair. No plucking 
or trimming is allowable. 
5. Nose.—In black, black and tan, or white 
dogs the nose should be black ; in other coloured 
Pomeranians it may more often be brown or 
liver-coloured, but in all cases the nose must 
be self not parti-coloured, and never white. 
6. Neck and Shoulders.—The neck, if anything, 
should be rather short, well set in, and lion-like, 
covered with a profuse mane and frill of long 
straight hair, sweeping from the under jaw and 
covering the whole of the front part of the shoulders 
and chest as well as the top part of the shoulders. 
The shoulders must be tolerably clean and laid 
well back. 
7. Body.—The back must be short, and the 
body compact, being well ribbed up and the 
barrel well rounded. The chest must be fairly 
deep and not too wide. 
8. Legs.—The forelegs must be _ perfectly 
straight, of medium length, not such as would 
MISS BIRKBECK AND HER WHITE POMERANIANS 
Photograph by T. Fall. 
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