182 



CYPEKAUEAIi (SKUGJi I-'AMILY;) 



242. E. olivacea. 

 S pikelet x 2%. 

 Achene X 10. 



E. atropurpurea. 

 Splkelet X 2%. 

 Achene x 10. 



vei-y pale and thin, 1.5-2.5 mm. long ; achene often equaling the Ijristles, tipped 

 by a short slender conical tubercle. — Wet places, Va. to Pla. (W. I., S. A.) 

 Fio. 241. 



5. E. olivHcea Torr. Culms flatfish, grooved, diffusely tufted 

 on usually slender matted rootstocks, 2-15 cm. high ; splkelet 

 oblong-ovoid, acutish, MSO-flowered, 3-7 mm. long; scales 

 ovate, obtuse, ratlier loosely imbricated, 2-3 mm. long, witli a 

 shghtly scarious margin ; achene obovoid, dull, green to blaclsish, 

 1 mm. long, shorter than the 6-8 bristles; 

 tubercle capping J of the summit of the 

 achene, saucer-shaped, tipped by a long conic- 

 subulate beak. — Wet shores, Me. to Ont., 

 H. to N. C, Pa., 0., and Mich. Fig. 242. 



6. E. atropurpurea (Retz.) Kunth. Dwarf 

 tufted annual ; culms capillary, arcuate, 3-7 

 cm. long ; splkelet oblong-ovoid, 2-4 mm. 



long ; scales ovate, thin-membranqceous, blunt, dark brown, 



with pale midrib and margin ; achene lenticular-obovoid, 



lustrous, black, with a minute saucer-shaped tubercle ; bristles white, shorter 



than the achene. — Wet sand, "la." to Col., and southw. (Eurasia, W.I.) 



Pig. 243 



7. E. capitkta (L.) R. Br. Culms terete, 0.3-3 dm. high; 

 spikelets ovoid to cylindric (3-5 mm. long), obtuse, 15-40-flowered ; 

 scales thickish, round-ovate, obtuse, pale brown, with green keel 

 and paler margins ; stamens 2 ; achene obovoid, black, about 

 equaling the 0-8 bristles, tipped with a flattened or 

 saucer-shaped tubercle. — In sand or gravel near 

 sloughs, Md. to Fla. and Tex. (W. I., S. A.) 

 Fig. 244. 



Var. dlspar (E. J. Hill) Fernald. Scales purple- 

 brown ; achenes purple-black. (S. dispar E. J. 

 Hill.) — Wet sand. Lake Co., Ind. 



8. E. didndra C. Wright. Erect or depressed ; 

 culms 0.1-5 dm. long ; splkelet ovoid, obtuse or acutish, 2-7 mm. 

 long, 2-3.5 mm. thick; scales barely appressed, ovate to ovate- 245. e. diandra. 

 oblong, blunt, dull, pale brown, with prominent green midrib ; Spikelet x 2%. 

 achene obovoid or inverted-pyriform, 1 mm. long. — Sandy shores Achene x 10. 

 of the Androscoggin, Merrimac and Connecticut Rivers, and of 



Oneida L. (N. Y.) — Differing constantly from the next in its depressed tubercle 

 and paler scales, as well as in the absence of bristles. Fig. 245. 



9. E. ovUta (Roth) R. & S. Erect or depressed ; culms 

 0.3-5 dm. long ; spikelet globose-ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, 

 obtuse, densely flowered, 2-7 mm. long, 2-4 mm. thick ; 

 scales oblong to narrowly ovate, obtuse, purple-brown, with 

 pale midrib and white scarious margin ; achene obovoid or 

 inverted-pyriform, about 1 mm. long. — Wet places, N. B. to 

 Ct. and Mich. ; Ore. (Eurasia.) Fig. 246. 

 1^10. E. obtusa (Willd.) Schultes. Simi- 

 lar ; culms 0.5-7 dm. higb ; spikelet globose- 

 ovoid to ovoid-oblong, obtuse, 2-13 mm. 

 long, 2-5 mm. thick ; scales ovate-oblong to 

 suborbiouUr, with rounded tips, densely 

 crowded in many ranks, dull brown;, style 3(rarely 2)-cleft; 

 achene turbinate-obovoid with narrow base, pale brownish, 

 shining, shorter than the 6-8 bristles, slightly broader than 

 the short-deltoid acute and flattened tubercle. {E. ovata 

 Man. ed. 0.) — Muddy places, N. S. to Out., and southw.; 

 B.C. and Wash. Fig. 247. — Like all the annual species, 

 very variable in size and habit, 

 (/'ll. E. Engelminni Steud. Similar; culms 1.5-3 dm. 



244. E. capitata. 

 Splkelet X 1%. 

 Achene x 10. 



247. E. obtnsa. 

 Spikelet x 2%. 

 Achene x 10. 



