CYPEEACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 199 



14. RYNCh6SP0RA Vahl. Beak Rush 



Spikelets panioled or variously clustered, ovate, globular, or spindle-shaped, 

 terete, or sometimes flattish ; but the scales open or barely concave (not boat- 

 shaped nor keeled) ; the lower commonly loosely imbricated and empty, the 

 uppermost often subtending imperfect flowers. Perianth of bristles. Stamens 

 mostly 3. Achene lenticular, globular, or flat, crowned witl^ a conspicuous 

 tubercle or beak consisting of the persistent indurated base or even of the greater 

 part of the style. — Chiefly perennials, with more or less 

 triangular and leafy culms; the spikelets in terminal and 

 axillary clusters ; flowering in summer. (Name composed 

 of ^iyx°^< * snout, and <riropd, a seed, from the beaked 

 achene.) 



§ 1. Spikelets lanceolate, acuminate, in fruit flattish, 

 cymose-panicled, of only one perfect and 1-4 staminate 

 flowers ; scales few ; bristles rigid, minutely scabrous 

 'upward; style simple or barely 2-toothed, filiform 



and gradually thickened downward, in 



fruit persistent as an exserted slender 



awl-shaped upwardly roughened beak, 



several times longer than the smooth 



flat obovate achene ; coarse perennials ; 



spikelets in flower 1-1.5, in fruit (in- 

 cluding the projecting beak) 2-3 cm. 



long. * 



1. R. corniculkta (Lam.) Gray. „,o „ • , , 



y-TT Tt Nz-iiVve.-* T,'i 813. R. coriiiculata. 



(Horned Rush.) Culm 0.5-2 m. high; 



leaves 0.6-2 cm. wide ; cymes decompound, diffuse ; bristles 

 awl-shaped, stout, unequal, shorter than the achene. — Wet 

 places on the coastal plain, Del. and Pa. to Ela. and Tex., 

 locally northw. in the Miss. Basin to Mo., Ind., and O.- 

 June-Sept. Fig. 313. 



2. R. macrostacTiya Torr. Erect and rather stiff ; the 

 glomerules mostly of 10-50 spikelets, strongly ascending, 

 sessile or on feic short rays; bristles capillary, twice the 

 length of the achene. — Borders of ponds, Mass. to Fla. and 

 Tex., locally northw. in the Miss. Basin to Kan. and Ind. 



314. E.macroatachya. Aug-Oct. FjG. 314 



Var. inund^ta (Oakes) Fernald. Cyme loosely decom- 

 pound, the numerous rays wide-spreading or flexuous ; the spikelets solitary 

 or 2-6 in loose glomerules. {Vax. patula Chapm.) — Mass. to Fla. 

 § 2. Spikelets terete or biconvex, few-many-flowered; style conspicuously 2- 

 cleft, its base only forming the tubercle of the mostly lenticular achene ; 

 bristles usually present, merely rough or barbed-denticulate (rarely plu- 

 , mose). 



* Achene transversely wrinkled; bristles mostly 6, upwardly denticulate. • 

 3. R. cymbsa Ell. Culm slender 0.3-1 m. high, triangular; 

 leaves linear (1-4 mm. wide); cymes corymbose, the brown spike- 

 lets crowded and clustered ; achene round-obovoid, faintly wrinkled, 

 twice the length of the bristles, four times the 



# length of the depressed-conical narrow tubercle. — 



Low grounds, N. J., Pa., 111., and southw. June ■ 

 Aug. (W. L, S. A.) Fig. 315. 

 316. E. com- ^ jj comprfissa Carey. Similar ; culm rather 

 pressa. gtout ; leaves pale and firm, 3-7 mm. wide ; achene. 

 strongly wrinkled, the tubercle, with broad depressed thin-edged 

 base.-^Gn. and Jia. to La., northw. in the low country to Mo. 

 .July. Fig, 316. 315. k. o mosa. 



