270 



JUNCACKAE (kDSH FAMILY) 



;. Glomerules Rpherical ; sepals subulate ; capsules subulate or lanco- 

 subulate ; involucral bract usually exceediu^ the iriflorescence. 

 Flowers 3-i mm. long, reddish-brown ; petals equaling or exceed- 

 ing the sepals ZO. J. nodoene. 



Flowers 4-5 mm. long, greenish or dull brown ; petals much shorter 



than the sepals St. .A Torreyi 



). Glomerules hemispherical ; sepals blunt or acuminate, at most mu- 



cronate-tipped ; capsules ovoid or ellipsoid ; iuvolucral bract 



much shorter than tlie inflorescence y. 



y. Sepals acuminate ; branches of the inflorescence widely divergent. 



Flower brown or brownish ; capsule dark brown, 3-4 mm. long, 



gradually tapering to the mucronate tip .... 40. J. ariieulaius. 

 Flower greenish ; capsule pale brown, 2.5-3 mm. long, abruptly 



mucronate (40) J. ariiculaius, v. obPtisatus 



y. Sepals blunt, often mucronate-tipped ; branches of inflorescence 

 erect or strongly ascending. 

 Branches strictly erect ; glomerules loosely few-flowered, gener- 

 ally with one or more flowers elevated on slightly elongate 

 pedicels. 



Flowers castaneous \ 39. t/l alpvmis. 



Flowers greenish or straw-colored (89) J. alpvwas, v. insiffnis. 



Branches spreading-ascending ; glomerules compactly and regu- 

 larly flowered (89) J, eUpinus, v. fusceficens. 



§ 1. Flowers pro; 



i.e. subtended by bra^teoles (2) in addition to the 

 bractlet at base of pedicel. 



* Inflorescences mostly terminal; leaves flat or canaliculate, rarely terete. 



1. J. bufbnlus L. Stems low and slender (0.3-3.5 dm. high), leafy, often 

 branched from the base ; cyme spreading ; flowers remote, greenish (3-7 mm. 

 long), rarely viviparous, or even converted Into leafy tufts ; 

 sepals and petals linear-lanceolate, awl-pointed ; stamens short ; 

 filaments slightly longer than the anthers ; seeds narrowly ovoid' 

 (ir ellipsoidal (0.3-0.6 mm. long). — Damp open ground, road- 

 sides, etc., common. June-Nov. (Cosmop.) Fig. 567. 



Var. congfistus Wahlb. Flowers mostly in glomerules. — In- 

 frequent. (Eu.) 



Var. halophilus Buchenau & JFernald. More fleshy through- 

 out; flowers mostly in 2's or 3's; whitish petals obtuse ; .ii-eds 

 short-cylindric, abruptly truncate at one end. — 

 Brackish shores, Gnlf of St. Lawrence to 

 Mass. ; Neb. to liooky Mts., etc. June-Sept. 

 (Eu.) Fig. 568. 



2. J. trifidus L. Stems densely tufted from 

 matted creeping rootstocks, erect (1-4 dm. 

 high), sheathed and mostly leafless at base, 

 2-3-leaved at the summit; flowers brown (3-4 mm. long) ; 

 sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, equaling or rather shorter than 

 the ovate beak-pointed deep-brown capsule; anthers much 

 longer than the fllanients ; seeds few, oblong, angled (1.5-2 

 mm. long), shorMailed . — Alpine summits, Lab. to N. E. and 

 N. Y. June-Aug. (Greenl., Eurasia.) 



Var. mondnthos (Jacq.) Bluff & Fingerhuth. Taller (2.5-6 

 dm. high), the numerous basal leaves often equaling the culms. 

 ^ Local, mts. of s. N. Y. to Va. and N. C. (Eu.) 



3. J. Gerdrdi Loisel. (Black Grass.) Stems scarcely flattened, rigid (1.5- 

 8 dm. high) ; cyme contracted, usually longer than the bracteal' leaf 5 flowers 

 3-4 mm. long ; sepals oval-oblong, nearly or quite as long as the ovoid obtuse 

 and mucronate capsule ; anthers much longer than the short fllaments ; style as 

 long as the ovary ; seeds (0.4-0.5 mm. long) obovoid, delicately ribbed and cross- 

 lined. — Salt marshes; common along the coast, rarely inland in Me., Vt., 

 N. Y., and about the Great Lakes. June-Sept. (Eurasia, n. Afr.) 

 \y i. J. tenuis Willd. Stem wiry (0.5-6 dm. high) ; cj/iac 1-8 cm. long, loose, 

 or barely crowded ; flowers green (3-4.5 mm. long), mostli/ aggregated id the tips 

 of the branches; sepals lanceolate, very acute, spreading in fruit, longer than 



567. J. bufoiiius. 

 Part of inflores- 

 cence X %. 

 Seed X 60. 



568. J. buf., ,. hal. 

 Part of inflorescence 



Seed X SO. 



