LILIACEAE (lily FAMILY) 295 



ribbed and netted-veined simple leaves. (An ancient Greek name, of obscure 

 meaning.) 



§1. Stems herbaceous, not prickly ; flowers carrion-scented; ovules 2 in each 

 cell; leaves membranous, mucronate-tipped ; berries bluish-black with a 

 bloom. 



i^ 1. S. herbacea L. (Carkion-flower.) Stem climbing, 1-5 m. high; leaves 

 ovate or rounded, mostly heart-shaped or truncate at base, abruptly acute to 

 sliorUacuminate, 7-d-nerved, smooth; petioles 1—4 cm. long; peduncles 4-20 

 cm. long, often much exceeding the leaves, 20-40-flowered ; seeds 2-0. — Moist 

 meadows and river-banks, common, N. B. to Man. and Tex. June. — Variable. 

 Var. PULA'ERULENTA (Mlchx.) Gray. Leaves sparingly to densely puberulent 

 on the veins beneath. {S. pulverulenta Michx.) — Pa. to Ont., w. to Mont, and 

 Kan. 



2. S. tamnifblia Michx. Stem upright or climbing ; leaves mostly 6-nerved, 

 smooth, broadly ovate to lanceolate, truncate or cordate at base, abruptly 

 acute to acuminate, some of them hastate with broad rounded lobes ; peduncles 

 longer than the petioles; berry smaller, 2-3-seeded. — Pine-barrens, Pa. and 

 N. J. to S. C. 



3. S. ecirrhita (Engelm.) Wats. Erect, 1.5-9 dm. high, without tendrils 

 (or only the uppermost petioles tendril-bearing) ; lower leaves reduced to narrow 

 scale-like bracts, the rest thin, 5-7-nerved, broadly ovate-elliptical to roundish, 

 acute, mostly cordate at base, 4-12 cm. long, pubescent beneath; peduncles and 

 petioles 3-7 cm. long; umbels 10-20-flowered ; berry 3-seeded. — 0. and Md. to 

 S. C, Wise, "Minn.," and Mo. 



§2. Stems woody, of ten prickly ; ovules solitary ; glabrous throughout. 



* Leaves ovate or roundish, etc. , most of them rounded or heart-shaped at base, 

 and 5-9-nerved, the three middle nerves or ribs stronger and more con- 

 spicuous. 



*■ Pedtmcles (4-13 mm. long) shorter or scarcely longer than the petioles, flat- 

 tened; leaves thicMsh, green both sides. 



4. S. Walt§ri Pursh. Stem low, somewhat angled, prickly near the base or 

 unarmed ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate or oblong, somewhat heart-shaped 

 or rounded at base (5-11 cm. long); berries coraZ-red. — Pine-barrens, N. J. to 

 Fla. 



5. S. rotundifblia L. (Common Green Brier, Horse Brier.) Stem as well 

 as the terete branches armed with scattered prickles ; branchlets more or less 

 4-angular ; leaves ovate or round-ovate, often broader than long, slightly heart- 

 shaped, abruptly short-pointed, obscurely denticulate or entire ; berries blue- 

 black, with a bloonr. — Moist thickets, N. S. to Ga., w. to Minn, and Tex. 

 — Very variable, passing into var. QnADRANcuLiRis (Muhl.) Wood., which has 

 branches, and especially branchlets, 4-angular, and is more common westw. 



H- 4- Peduncle longer than but seldom twice the length of the short petiole, flat- 

 tened; leaves tardily deciduous or partly persistent; berries black, viith a 

 bloom. 



6. S. glaiica Walt. (Saw Brier.) Terete branches and somewhat 4-an- 

 gular glaucous branchlets armed with scattered stout prickles, or naked ; leaves 

 ovate, rarely subeordate, glaucous beneath and sometimes also above (5-7 cm. 

 long), abiTiptly mucronate, the edges smooth and naked. — Dry thickets, e. 

 Mass. to Fla., w. to Tex. 



7. S. B6na-nox L. Branches and the angular (often square) branchlets 

 sparsely armed with short rigid prickles ; leaves varying from round-heart- 

 shaped and slightly contracted above the dilated base to fiddle-shaped and hal- 

 berd-shaped or 3-lobed, green and shining both sides, cuspidate-pointed, the 

 margins often somewhat bristly-ciliate or spinulose. (S. tamnoides Man. ed. 6 ; 

 probably not L.) — Thickets ; Nantucket, Mass.; N. J. to Fla., w. to lU., Mo., 

 ^nd Tex. 



