ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 487 



N. Mex., and Ariz. Forma Xleus (Fuller) Fernald has white or amber-colored 

 fruit. 



Var. an6malus Arrhenius. ' Dwarf (1-3 dm. high), scarcely or not at all 

 armed ; leaves simple, broadly ovate and shallowly 3-lobed, or 3-follolate with 

 rounded ovate obtuse leaflets ; calyx somewhat hispid. — Limestone ledges, 

 Cavendish, Vt. {Eggleston); and (?) woods, Clarke, Ind. {Umbach), the latter 

 recently desci'ibed as Batidaea heterodoxa Greene. 



X ? R. neglfictus Peck. Habit and glaucous canes of no. 3, the stems and 

 branches often rooting at the tip, but with slender straightish prickles of the pre- 

 ceding species; calyx somewhat setose; fruit purplish-red. — Rocky woods, 

 gravelly banks, etc., N. E. to Ont., Pa., and 0. — Probably a self-perpetuating 

 hybrid between R. occidentalis and JR. idaeus, var. aculeatissimus. 



2. R. PHOENicorAsius Maxim. (WiNfcBEREY.) Leaflets 3, broadly ovate, 

 obtusish ; inflorescence crowded and with the petioles, branches, and even the 

 main stems covered with long soft densely crowded reddish or purple gland- 

 tipped hairs; prickles scattered, slender; fruit broadly ovoid, cherry-red. — 

 Sometimes cultivated, and now established at Fairfield, Ct. (Fames) ; Paines- 

 ville, O. {Hacker), etc. (Introd. from Japan.) 



3. R. occidentjilis L. (Black R., Thimbleberrt.) Glaucous all over; 

 stems recurved, rooting at tips, armed like the stalks, etc., with hooked prickles, 

 not bristly ; leaflets 3 (rarely 6), ovate, pointed, coarsely double-serrate, whit- 

 ened-downy underneath, the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than 

 the sepals ; fruit purple-black, ripe early in July. — Copses, fence rows, etc., 

 N. B. and s. w. Que., southw. and westw. Forma pAllidus (Bailey) Robinson 

 has yellow or amber fruit. 



§ 2. ANAPL6BATUS Focke. Unarmed shrubs ; leaves simple, 3-5-lobed or 

 angled; flowers large and showy; fruit large, hemispherical, red. Ru- 

 BACER Rydb. 



4. H. odoritus L. (Purple Flowering R.) Shrubby, 1-1.6 m. high; 

 branches, stalks, and calyx bristly with glandular-clammy hairs ; leaves 3-5- 

 lobed, the lobes pointed and minutely toothed, the middle one prolonged ; 

 peduncles many-flowered ; flowers showy (3-6 cm. broad) ; calyx-lobes tipped 

 with a long narrow appendage ; petals rounded, purple rose-color; fruit scarcely 

 edible. — N. S. to Ga., w. to Mich. Var. coniMBiiNus Millspaugh has been dis- 

 tinguished by the narrower more lanceolate doubly serrate lobes of the leaves, 

 smaller flowers (2-3 cm. in diameter) and musky fruit. (B. columbianus 

 Rydb.) — W. Va. 



5. R. parviflbrus Nutt. (Salmon Berry.) Glandular, scarcely bristly ; 

 leaves almost equally 5-lobed, coarsely toothed ; peduncles few-flowered ; petals 

 oval, white. (B. nutkanus Mocino.) — Rocky woods, shores, etc., w. Ont., n. 

 Mich., Minn., and westw. 



§ 3. CHAMEMORUS (Ehrh.) Focke. Unarmed creeping herbs, with upright 

 branches, few orbicular .simple leaves, and solitary terminal monoecious or 

 dioecious flowers; fruit amber-colored, becoming yellow and separating 

 from the dryish receptacle. 



6. R. Chamaembrus L. (Cloudberry, Baked-apple Berry.) Low (l—'S 

 dm. high) ; branches simple, 2-ii-leaved; leaves roundish-kidney-form, some- 

 what 5-lobed, serrate, wrinkled ; calyx-lobes pointless ; petals obovate, white ; 

 fruit about 2 cm. in diameter, very juicy when ripe. — In sphagnous bogs, Arctic 

 Am., southw. in the coastal region to e. Me.; also on mountain tops, w. Me. and 

 II. N. H. (Eurasia.) 



§4. CYLACTIS (Raf.) Focke. Low, essentially herbaceous (soft-woody at 

 base); leaves 3(-5)-foliolate ; fruit red, not separating easily from the 

 receptacle. 



7. R. triflbrus Richards. (Dwarf R.) Stems ascending, 1-4 dm. high, or 

 trailing and more elongated ; leaves 3(or pedately 5)-foliolate ; leaflets rhombic- 

 QVdte or ovate-lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely and doubly serrate, thin, 



