624 CORNACEAB (DOGWOOD FAMILYJI 



§ 1. Flowers greenish or purple in a close cluster, surrounded by a showy 

 usually i-br'acted corolla-like white or pinkish involucre ; fruit bright red. 



1. C. canadensis L. (Dwarf C, Bunchbekry.) Stems low and simple, 

 9-22 cm. hiuh, from a slender creeping and subterranean rootstock ; leaves 

 scarcely petioled, the lower scale-like, the upper crowded into an apparent whorl 

 in sixes or fours (i-arely opposite), ovate or oval, pointed ; bracts of the involucre 

 ovate, short-acuminate ; flowers greenish-white or the petals purple-tipped ; fruit 

 globular. — Damp cold woods. Lab. to Alaska, s. to N. J., W. Va., Ind., Mmn., 

 etc. June, July. (E. Asia.) —Leaves and involucres (rarely 3) often modified 

 and variously colored. 



2. C. suficica L. Similar but more slender ; leaves short-oval, in Z-several 

 pairs, not verticillate ; flowers deep violet ; involucral bracts ovate, obtusish, 

 usually smaller than in the preceding. — Wooded crests of headlands and cliffs, 

 Rivifere du Loup, Que., and Nfd. to Greenl. and Alaska. July. (Boreal 

 Eurasia. ) 



i^ 3. C. fl6rida L. (Flowering D.) Tree, 4-12 m. high ; leaves ovate, pointed, 

 acutish at the base ; bracts of the involucre obcordate, 3-8. cm. long ; fruit ovoid. 



— Dry woods, from s. Me. to Ont. and s. Minn., s. to Fla. and Tex. May, June. 



— Very showy in flower, scarcely less so in fruit. 



§ 2. Flowers white, in open flat spreading cymes; involucre none; fruit spher- 

 ical; leaves all opposite {except in no. 11.) 



* Pubescence woolly and more or less spreading. 



■4- Fruit light blue. 



4. C. circlnUta L'H6r. (Eound-leaved C. or D.) Shrub, 2-3 m. high; 

 branches greenish, warty-dotted ; leaves round-oval, abruptly pointed, woolly 

 beneath, 5-12 cm. broad; cymes flat; fruit light blue. — Copses, in rich or 

 sandy soil, or on rooks, e. Que. to Man., s. to Va., Ind., 111., la., and N. Dak. 

 June, July. 



5. C. Ambmum Mill. (Silky C, Kinnikin.n-ik.) Shrub, 1-3 m. high; 

 branches purplish; the branchlets, stalks, and lower surface of the ovate or ellip- 

 tical pointed leaves silky-downy (often rusty), pale and dull, not microscopically 

 papillose ; cymes flat, close ; calyx-teeth lanceolate ; fruit pale blue. ( C sericea 

 L.) — Wet places, Nfd. to N. D. , s. to Fla. and La. June. — C. Purpusi Koehne, 

 with slightly narrower leaves microscopically papillose but not rusty-pubescent 

 beneath, appears to be an inconstant form rather than a distinct species. 



H- -I- Fruit white. 



6. C. asperifblia Michx. Branches brownish; the branchlets, etc., rough- 

 pubescent; leaves oblong or ovate, on short petioles, pointed, rough with a harsh 

 pubescence above, and downy beneath ; corolla subcylindric in bud, petals rather 

 long; calyx-teeth minute ; fruit white, 5-0 mm. in diameter. — Dry or sandy 

 soil, n. shore of L. Erie to Minn., Kan., and southw. May, June. — A rather 

 tall shrub. C. PRfCEAE Small, of Ky. and Tenn., is said to have smaller fruit 

 (about 3 mm. in diameter). 



7. C. Bail6yi Coult. & Evans. Branchlets brownish, spreadlng-pubescent, 

 not scabrous ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, not scabrous, appressed-pubescent 

 above, covered beneath with spreading and subappressed pubescence ; corolla 

 ovoid in bud ; petals short ; fruit pure white. — Sandy shores, etc., w. Pa. and 

 B. Ont. to Minn, and Man. 



* * Pubescence closely oppressed, straight and silky, or none. 



8. C. stolonifera Michx. (Red-ositcr D.) Braiiches, especially the osier- 

 like shoots nf tlie season, bright red-purple, smooth; leaves ovate, rounded at 

 base, abruptly short-pointed, roughish with a minute close pubescence on both 

 sides, whitish underneath; cymes small and flat, rather few-flowered, smooth; 

 fruit white or lead-color (rarely blue). — Wet places, Nfd. to Mackenzie, s. to 

 D. C, Great L. region, la.. Neb., N. Mex., etc.; common, especially northw- — 



