640 KEICACEAE (HEATH FAMILY) 



beneatli ; berries blade, usually without bloom. (F. nigrum BrittoH.) — Often 

 associated with the species, or by itself, N. B. to N. J., Pa., and Mich. 



8. V. canadfinse Kalm. (Sour-top or Velvet-leaf B.) Low (2-6 dm. 

 high) ; leaves oblong-lanceolate or elliptical, entire, downy both sides, as well 

 as the crowded branchlets, in maturity 2-4 cm. long, 5-1.5 mm. broad ; corolla 

 shorter (4-6 mm. long) ; berries blue with much bloom (rarely black), ripening 

 later than those of no. 7. — Dry plaiii.s, swamps or moist woods. Lab. to IVlan., 

 s. to N. E., 111., Minn., and along the mts. to Va. Forma chiocoocdm Deane 

 is a rare form witli white fruit. 



y 9. V. vacillans Kalm. (Late Low B.) Low (3-9 dm. high), glabrous, 

 with yellowish-green branchlets ; leaves ohovate or,oval, in maturity 2.5-4.5 cm. 

 long, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, very pale or dull, glaucous, at least underneath, entire 

 or minutely ciliolate-serrulate ; calyx usually reddish ; corolla 5-8 mm. long, 

 greenish-yellow, often tinged with red ; berries blue, with a bloom, ripening later 

 than those of no. 7. — Dry places, especially in sandy soil, N. E. to Mich., and 

 southw. 



++ ++ Shrubs 1-4 m. high. 



10. V. corymbbsum L. (High or Swamp B.) T&W (1-4: m.) ; leaves ovate to 

 elliptic-lanceolate, smooth or slightly pubescent beneath, half-grown at flowering 

 time, in maturity 4-8 cm. long, 2-4 cm. broad, the margins entire ; calyx 

 usually glaucous, the lobes aculish or blunt ; corolla white or pinkish, 6-10 mm. 

 long, varying from ovoid to cylindric-urn-shaped ; berries blue-black, with a 

 bloom, 7-10 mm. in diameter. — Swamps, low woods, or even dry pastures, Me. 

 to Minn., and southw. ; chiefly eastw. 



Var. amoSnum (Ait.) Gray. Similar; leaves bright green both sides, ciliate- 

 serrulate or bristly-ciliate. — Similar range, less abundant. 



Var. pAllidum (Ait.) Gray. Glaucous; leaves ciliate-serrulate, whitened 

 beneath. (F. pallidum Ait.) — Throughout the range. 



i^ H. V. atroc6ccum (Gray) Heller. (Black High B.) Resembling the 

 preceding ; leaves entire, downy or woolly underneath even when old, unex- 

 panded at flowering time ; calyx not glaucous, the lobes obtuse or rounded ; 

 corolla turgid-ovoid to ellipsoid, yellowish- or greenish-white, tinged with red, 

 5-8 mm. long ; berries polished black, without bloom, 5-8 mm. in diameter. 

 {V. corymbosum, var. Gray.) — ■ Swamps, low woods and barrens, s. Me. to N. C. 

 and Ont. — Flowering and fruiting a week or ten days earlier than no. 10, with 

 which it is often associated. 



§ 3. EUVACCINIUM Gray. (Bilberries.) Corolla ellipsoid to globular, 

 i-6-toothed ; filaments glabrous; anthers 2-awned on the back, included; 

 berry ir-b-celled ; leaves deciduous; flowers on drooping pedicels, solitary 

 or fell) together, appearing with or after the leaves; mostly glabrous. 

 * Parts of the flower mostly in fours ; stamens 8. 



12. V. uligindsum L. (Bog Bilbekkt.) Low and spreading stout shrut 

 2-60 cm. high ; leaves entire, dull, obovate or oblong, in maturity 5-20 mm. 

 long, 3-15 mm. wide, pale and slightly pubescent underneath ; flowers single or 

 2-3 together from a scaly bud, almost sessile ; corolla short, urn-shaped ; 

 berries black, with a bloom, sweet. — Arctic Am., s. to the barrens of Washington 

 Co., Me., mts. of n. N. E. and n. N. Y., and n. Mich. 



** Parts of the flower in fives ; stamens 10; leaves membranaceous; flowers 

 solitary on short axillary peduncles, nodding. 



13. V. caespitbsum Michx. (Dwarf Bilberry.) Dwarf tufted slender 

 shrub (5-30 cm. high), with rounded branches; leaves obovate, cuneate-lanoeo- 

 late or cuneate-spatulate, narrowed at base, smooth and shining, serrate, in 

 maturity 1-4 cm. long, 4-20 mm. broad ; corolla ellipsoid, slightly urn-shaped, 

 usually pink or coral-red; berries blue, sweet. — Gravelly or rocky woods and 

 shores, Lab. to Alaska, s. to s. Me., s. Vt., n. Mich., n. Wise, Col., and Cal. ; 

 alpine summits, N. E. and N. Y. 



14. V. membranJlceum Dougl. More erect, 8-15 dm. high ; branchlets some- 

 what angled : leaves mostly ovate and acute or pointed, in maturity 2-7 cm. long, 



