712 SOLANACEAE ^IGHTSHADE FAMILY;) 



85. ELSH6lTZIA Willd. 



Calyx with equal teeth. Corolla 4-lobed, slightly 2-lipped. Stamens 4, as- 

 cending, exserted, didynamous ; anther-cells divergent. — Herbs, with orate or 

 oblong petioled leaves and spicate small iiowers. (Named for J. S. Elsholtz, 

 German physician and botanist of the 17th century.) 



1. E. PateIni (Lepechin) Garcke. Smooth annual, 3-7 dm. high ; bracts of 

 the spike ovate, veiny, mucronate ; calyx hirsute ; corolla purplish, 2-3 mm. 

 long. — Clearings and shores, L. Temiscouata, Que. (^Northrop). (Nat. from 

 Asia.) 



SOLAN ACEAE (Nightshade Family) 



Herbs (or rarefy shrubs), with colorless juice and alternate leaves, regular 

 5-merous and 6-androus flowers, on bractless pedicels ; the corolla imbricate or 

 valvule in the bud, and mostly plaited ; the fruit a 2-celled (rarely S-6-celled] 

 many-seeded capsule or berry. Seeds campylotropous or amphitropous. Embryo 

 mostly slender and curved in fleshy albumen. Calyx usually persistent. Sta- 

 mens mostly equal, inserted on the corolla. Style and stigma single. Placentae 

 in the axis, often projecting far into the cells. (Foliage rank-scented, and with 

 the fruits mostly narcotic, often very poisonous, though some are edible.) — A 

 large family in the tropics, but sparingly indigenous in our district, shading ofE 

 into Scrophulariaceae, from which the plaited regular corolla and 5 equal 

 stamens generally distinguish it. 



(Various cultivated species, as the Tomato, LYcopf;RSicoN escul^ntum Mill., 

 the Potato, SolXnum tubek6sum L., the Egg-plant, S. MELONGi)NA L., and Petu- 

 nias, PETtiNiA axillXeis (Lam.) BSP. and P. violAcea Lindl., stray from 

 sultivatlon but seldom pei-sist.) 



* Corolla -wheel-Bhaped, 5-parted or 5-lobed ; the lobes valvate and their matins usually ?.umed 

 inward in the bud ; anthers connivent ; fruit a berry. 



1. Solanum. Anthers opening by pores or chinks at the tip. 



* * Corolla various, not wheel-shaped, nor valvate in the bud ; anthers separate. 

 +- Fruit a berry, closely invested by an herbaceous (not angled) calyx. 



2. Chamaesaracha. Corolla plicate, 5-angQlate. Pedicels soUtary, recurved in fruit. 



■*- +■ Fruit a berry, Inclosed in the bladdery-inflated calyx ; corolla widely expanding. 

 8. Physalls. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 5-lobed or nearly entire. Berry juicy, 2-celled. 



4. Nicandra. Calyx 5-parted Corolla nearly entire. Berry dry, 3-5-celled. 



■t- ■*- ■*- Fruit a berry, with the unaltered calyx persistent at its base. 



5. Lycium. Corolla fhnnel-form or tubular, not plaited. Beiry small, 2-celled. 



■*--*-■*-.*- Fruit a capsule. 



6. Hyoscyamus. Calyx urn-shaped, inclosing the smooth 2-celled capsule, the top of which 



falls off as a lid. Corolla and stamens somewhat irregular. 



7. Datura. Calyx prismatic, 5-toothed. Capsule prickly, naked, morf or less 4-celled, 4-valved. 



Corolla ftinnel-form. 



8. X^icotiana. Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Capsule inclosed in the calyx, &.oeIl«a. 



1. SOLANUM [Toum.] L. Nightshade 



Calyx and wheel-shaped corolla 5-parted or 5-cleft (rai-ely 4-10-parted), the 

 »tter plaited in the bud, and valvate or induplicate. Stamens exserted ; fila- 

 Qents very short ; anthers converging around the style, opening at the tip 

 ty two pores or chinks. Berry usually 2-celled. Herbs, or shrubs in warm cli- 

 ■^tes, the larger leaves often accompanied by a smaller lateral tr»ineal) one ; 



