SCROPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 721 



C. Bf COLOR Benth., of Cal., differing in its very short-peduncled flowers, lias 

 been found "introduced " in a wooded ravine at Galesburg, 111. (C. Z. Nelson). 



2. C. violacea Nutt. Similar to no. 1 ; upper leaves lanceolate ; corolla vio- 

 let Rich soil, w. Mo. and e. Kan. to Tex, Apr., May. 



3. C. parviflbra Lindl. Small ; lower leaves ovate or rounded, the upper 

 oblong-lanceolate, mostly entire ; lohorls 2-6-flowered ; floivers short-peduncled ; 

 the small blue and white corolla 5-8 mm. long, slightly exceeding the calyx. — 

 Rich soil and limy gravel, Ont., n. Mich., and westw. Maj, June. 



5. SCROPHULArIA [Tourn] L. Figwokt 



Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Stamens declined, with the anther-cells transverse and 

 confluent into 1. Capsule many-seeded. — Rank herbs, with mostly opposite 

 leaves, and small greenish-purple or lurid flowers in loose cymes, forming a, 

 terminal slender panicle. (So called because a reputed remedy for scrofula.) 



1. S. mariUndica L. Perennial, 1-1.7 m. high, with Imotted root and square 

 stem, glandular-puberulent in the open pyramidal inflorescence, otherwise gla- 

 brous ; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, mostly acuminate, serrate or somewhat 

 incised ; dorsal lobes of the corolla suborbicular, little longer than the others ; 

 rudimentary stamen broionish-purple ; capsule thin, subglobose, with short con- 

 ical summit. (_8. nodosa, var. Gray.) — Rich open woods, e. Mass. to S. C, 

 Kan., and La. July-Sept. 



2. S. lepor^lla Bioknell. Of similar habit, foliage, and pubescence ; root 

 more simple ; inflorescence slender, elongated ; dorsal lobes of the corolla broadly 

 oblong, erect, considerably longer than the others ; rudimentary stamen yellow- 

 ish-green; capsule ovoid-conical, of firmer texture. — Rich open woods, N. B. 

 and Que. to Minn., Mo., and Va. May-Sept. 



5. AQiJATicA L., with crenate oblong very obtuse leaves (often biauriculate at 

 the base) and calyx-lobes with broad scarious margin, has been found upon 

 ballast in N. Y., N. J., and Pa. (Adv. from Eurasia.) 



6. PENTST^MON [Mitchell] Ait. Beard-tongue 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular, gradually or abruptly dilated in the throat, 

 more or less 2-lipped ; upper lip 2-lobed, the lower 3-cleft. Fertile stamens 4, 

 declined at base, ascending above, the fifth sterile filament either naked or 

 bearded. Seeds numerous. — Perennials, with opposite entire or toothed leaves, 

 the upper sessile and mostly clasping. Flowers mostly showy, thyrsoid or in 

 open racemose panicles. (Name from irivTi, five, and <!T-i]fi.iiiv, in the sense of 

 stamen; the fifth stamen being present and conspicuous, although sterile.)' 



a. Inflorescence viscid or glandular, at least minutely so ; leaves toothed or 

 entire ft. 

 p. Middle and lower internodes pubescent or at least finely puberulent c. 

 c. Corolla slender, tubular or trumpet-shaped, without marked inliation 

 of the throat. 

 Middle and lower internodes somewhat loosely pubescent ; panicle 

 mostly loose and open ; corolla-limb suberect, not widely ex- 

 panding 1. P. hirsutus. 



Middle and lower internodes minutely granular-puberulent; pan- 

 icle mostly strict and racemiform ; corolla-limb ringent or 



flaring 2. P. gracilis. 



c. Corolla with a decidedly dilated ventricose or campanulate open throat. 



Corolla 3.5-5 cm. long; throat 2 cm. in diameter .... 3. P. Cohaea. 

 Corolla 2-3 cm, long ; throat about 1 cm. in diameter. 

 Inflorescence loosely paniculate ; capsules 6-8 mm. long . . 4. P. canescens. 

 Inflorescence a strict dense racemiform panicle ; capsules 10-12 



mm. long 5. P. albidus. 



6. Middle and lower internodes entirely smooth and glabrous. 



Corolla-limb subrotate, the lobes widely spreading . , . . ^. P. iubiflorus. 

 Corolla-limb erect or but slightly spreading . . . . 7. P. la&vigaius. 



ft. Inflorescence glabrous ; leaves entire. 



Corolla with a distinct ventricose throat. 

 Corolla 4-5 cm. long ; stem-leaves oval to suborbicular ... 8, P. gra/ndiflorus 

 Corolla 2,8-3,T cm, long; stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate to narrowly 



oblong 9. P. iflaber. 



Corolla trumpet-shaped, about 2 cm. long; throat gradually dilated . 10. P, acuminatum. 



gray's manual — 46 



