788 coMPOSiTAE (composite family) 



4. C. gossypina (Miohx.) Nutt. Biennial, densely lanate, the pubescence 

 becoming floooose ; leaves short-spatulate to oblong, rounded at tip, white-lanate ; 

 iieads few, long-pedunoled ; involucre woolly or becoming glabrate and merely 

 glandular. (C. pilosa Britten, not Nutt.) —Pine baiTens, Va. to Fla. 



-I- -1- Stems hirsute to viUous, the hairs persistent. 



5. C. villbsa Nutt. Hirsute and villous-pubescent ; stem corymbosely 

 branclied, the branches terminated by single short-pedunoled heads ; leaves 

 narrowly oblong, hoary with rough pubescence (as also the involucre), bristly- 

 ciliate toward the base ; achenes :i-5-nerved ; outer pappus setulose-squamellate. 

 1^0. camporum Greene.) — Dry plains and prairies, Man. and Wise- to Ky., 

 westw. and southw. July-Sept. 



6. C. pil6sa Nutt. Annual, soft-hirsute or villous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate ; 

 involucre viscid; achenes 10-nerved; outer pappus chaffy and conspicuous. (C 

 Nuttallii Britton.) — Open places, Kan., and southw. 



15. SOLIDAGO L. Golden-kod 



Heads few-many-flowered, radiate ; the rays 1-16, pistillate. Bracts of the 

 involucre appressed, destitute of herbaceous tips (except nos. 1 and 2).' Recep- 

 tacle small, not chaffy. Achenes many-ribbed, nearly terete ; pappus simple, 

 of equal capillary TDristles. — Perennial herbs, with mostly wand-like stems and 

 sessile or nearly sessile never heart-shaped stem-leaves. Heads small, raoemed 

 or clustered ; flowers both of the disk and ray yellow (cream-color in no. 6). 

 Closely related species tending to hybridize freely. (Name from solidare, to 

 join, or make whole, in allusion to reputed vulnerary qualities.) 



§ 1, VIRGAtJREA DC. Bays mostly fewer than the disk-flowers; heads all 

 more or less pediceled. 



* Bracts of the much imbricated and rigid involucre with abruptly spreading 

 herbaceous tips ; heads in clusters or glomerate racemes, disposed in a dense 

 somewhat leafy and interrupted wand-like compound spike. 



1. S. squarrbsa Muhl. Stem stout, 0.2-1.5 m. high, hairy above; leaves 

 large, oblong, or the lower spatulate-oval and tapering into a margined petiole, 

 serrate, veiny ; heads numerous ; bracts obtuse or acute ; disk-flowers 16-24, 

 the rays 12-16. — Rocky and wooded hills, N. B. to Ont., s. to Va. and O. ; rare 

 southw. Aug.-early Oct. 



2. S. petioliris Ait. Minutely hoary or downy ; stem strict, simple, 0.2-1 m. 

 high ; leaves small (1-7 dm. long), oval or oblong, mucronate, veiny, rough- 

 ciliolate, minutely puberulent, dull or slightly lustrous ; the upper entire and 

 abruptly very short-petioled, the lower often serrate and tapering to the base ; 

 heads few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle, on slender braoted pedicels ; rays 

 about 10, elongated ; bracts of the pubescent Involucre lanceolate or linear-awl- 

 shaped, the outer loose and spreading, more or less foliaceous. — Dry woods, 

 s. w. 111. to Kan., N. C, and southw. Aug. -Oct. — The name is misleading, as 

 the leaves are hardly petloled. Var. WIrdii (Britton) Fernald. Leaves firm 

 and strongly glutinous, somewhat lustrous. {S. Wardii Britton.) — Open rocky 

 or sandy ground. Mo. and Kan. to Tex. 



* * Involucral bracts without green tips and wholly appressed. 



^- Heads small; the involucres 2-5 {rarely 6) mm. long, clustered along the 

 stem in the axils of the feather-veined leaves, or the upper forming a thyrse. 



++ Achenes pubescent. 



= Stem terete, mostly glaucous {the bloom easily rubbed off). 



3. S. calsia L. Smooth; at length much branched and diffuse; leaves 

 lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, serrate, pointed, sessile ; heads in very short 

 clusters, or somewhat racemose-panicled on the branches. — Deciduous woods, 

 s. Me. to Ont, Minn., and southw. Aug.-Oot. Var. axtllXris (F'ur.sh) Gray 



