190 C0MP081TAB (^COMPOSITE FAMILY^ 



w- «■ Leaves elongate, the basal much larger than the upper and more or less 



petioled; green plants of northern and mountainous regions. 



= Leaves thin, the basal with ovate or oblong blades, sharp-serrate, abruptly 



narrowed to the comparatively slender petioles. 



11. S. macrophylla Pursh. Stem stout, 3.5-12 dm. high, pubescent at 

 summit, simple below the inflorescence ; leaves very thin, scattered, irregularly 

 and coarsely serrate with sharp salient teeth, all but the uppermost abruptly 

 contracted into long margined petioles, the lowest with blades 5-20 cm. long; 

 heads many-flowered, in a wand-like compound raceme or contracted panicle 

 1-6 dm. long, the lower heads much exceeded by their subtending leaves; 

 involucre slender-campanulate or thiok-cylindric, 8-12 mm. long; its bracts 

 thin, scarious, linear-attenuate ; rays 8-10, elongated ; achenes smooth, 3-4 

 mm. Zon?. — Woods, Nfd. to L. Superior, s. to N. S., N. B., e. and centr. Me., 

 and on upland slopes to Mt. Monadnock, N. H., Mt. Greylock, Mass., and the 

 Catskill Mts., N. Y. July-early Sept. 



Var. thyrsoidea (Mey.) Fernald. Lower ; the involucre much fuller aud 

 broader (8-20 mm. broad), subglobose to cup-shaped; its bracts firmer, often 

 subherbaceous, narrowly dpltoid to lanceolate. — Lab. to alpine regions of Gaspfe 

 Co., Que,, Mt. Katahdin, Me., and Mt. Washington, N. H. July, Aug. 



12. S. calclcola Fernald. Stems 2-10 dm. high, purplish, simple or with 

 few erect branches, glabrous below, pubescent and somewhat glutinous above, 

 very leafy to the inflorescence; basal leaves elliptic, sharp-serrate, slenderly 

 wing-petioled ; the cauline oblanceolate, acuminate, sharply and irregularly 

 serrate above the middle, entire below and narrowed to broad-winged petioles, 

 or the uppermost sessile ; inflorescence from racemo-thyrsoid to thyrsoid-panicu- 

 late ; involucre 6-8 mm. long, its bracts mostly lance-attenuate, acute or 

 acutish ; rays rather short; achenes pubescent, 1-2 mm. long. — Calcareous 

 cliffs and rich woods, Gasp^ Co., Que., to Aroostook Co., Me. Aug., Sept. 



= = Leaves thick and firm, the basal with the oblanceolate, spatulate, or nar- 

 rowly obovate blades crenate or crenate-serrate {rarely sharp-serrate) and 

 tapering gradually to the winged petioles. 



a. Involucre 30-60-flowered ; cauline leaves 2-4 (rarely 5) below the inflorescence. 



13. S. CutUri Fernald. Dwarf (5-25 ova. high) ; the sJem rather prominently 

 angled; basal leaves obovate to broadly oblanceolate, crenate lo serrate above 

 the middle ; the few cauline leaves oblanceolate to spatulate, of nearly uniform 

 size; inflorescence a few-headed terminal corymb or frequently tlie heads 

 clustered in the axils of the rather large divergent upper leaves; heads very 

 full ; the short campanulate invohtcre 6-8 mm. high, 7-10 mm. broad, com- 

 posed of subherbaceous often glutinous oblong or lanceolate obtuse to acutish 

 bracts; achenes 3-3.5 mm. long, hirsute with spreading-ascending short hairs; 

 pappus barbellate. (S. Virgaurea, var. alpina Bigel. ; S. alpestris of recent 

 Am. auth., not Waldst. & Kit.) — Highest alpine districts of Me., N. H., Vt., 

 and N. Y. July-early Sept. 



6. Involucre 15S0-flowered ; cauline leaves (except in abnormally ftoriferous 

 individuals) more numerous, 5(rarely 4)-30 or more below the inflorescence. 



1. Midrib of the leaves usually prominent beneath ; inflorescence (simple or 

 paniculately compound) dense, the pedicels rarely more than 3-4 mm. long. 



14. S. Rindii (Porter) Britton. Often glutinous ; stems stoutish, commonly 

 purple-tinged, glabrous below, usually puberulent above, 3-8 dm. high ; learves 

 numerous ; the basal narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, acute or obtuse, serrate 

 or dentate, 7-20 cm. long; the cauline lanceolate or oblanceolate to elliptic, 

 gradually reduced upward, rarely bearing axillary fascicles, the lower often 

 .serrate, the uppermost entire and 2-7 cm. long ; heads crowded in a dense thyrse 

 or at the ends of the branches of an ample panicle (1-3 dm. long); involucre 

 0-6 mm. high, 3-6 mm. broad, the bluntish or acute bracts lance-deltoid to 

 linear ; achenes 2-2.6 mm. long, sparingly appressed-setulose or glabrate ; 

 paouus barbellate. (5". Virgaurea of recent Am. auth., in part, not L. ; iS. Vir- 



