COJIPOSITAB (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 819 



corymbed, obovoid ; Involucre 6-8 mm. long. (S. tortifolius Nees.) — Pine 

 w^ods, Va. , and south w. Aug. 



35. BACCHARIS L. Groundsel Tree 



Heads many-flowered; flowers all tubular, dioecious, i.e. the pistillate and 

 stammate borne by different plants. Involucre imbricated. Corolla of the 

 pistillate flowers very slender and thread-like ; of the staminate larger and 

 5-lobed. Anthers tailless. Acheues ribbed ; pappus of capillary bristles, in the 

 staminate plant scanty and tortuous, in the pistillate very long and copious. — 

 Shrubs, commonly smooth and resinous or glutinous. Flowers whitish or yellow. 

 (Name of some shrub anciently dedicated to Bacchus.) 



1. B. halimifblia L. Glabrous but somewhat scurfy, 1-:J m. Iiigh; branches 

 angled ; leaves obovate and wedge-form, petiolate, coarsely toothed, or the upper 

 entire ; heads scattered at the ends of the branches, forming pyramidal panicles ; 

 involucre 5-6 mm. high ; bracts acutish. — Sea beaches and marshes, Mass. to 

 Va.., and soutliw. — The fertile plant conspicuous in autumn by its very long 

 (1-1.5 cm.) white pappus. 



2. B. glomeruliflbra Pers. Brighter green ; heads of both kinds sessile oi 

 nearly so in the axils, forming glomerules ; otherwise much like the preceding 

 — N. C. to Fla. ; said to reach s. Va. (Bermuda.) 



26. PLtrCHEA Cass. Marsh Fleabane 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular, the central perfect but sterile, 

 few, with a 5-cleft corolla ; all the others with a thread-shaped truncate corolla, 

 pistillate and fertile. Involucre imbricated. Receptacle flat,- naked. Anthers 

 with tails. Aohenes grooved ; pappus in a single row. — Herbs, somewhat 

 glandular, emitting a strong or camphoric odor, the heads cymosely clustered. 

 Flowers purplish, in summer. (Dedicated to the Abbe Pluche, French natural- 

 ist of the 18th century.) 



1. P. foStida (L.) DC. Perennial, 5-9 dm. high; leaves closely sessile or 

 half-clasping, oblong to lanceolate, sharply denticulate, veiny, only 5-8 cm. 

 long; heads clustered in a corymb; bracts lanceolate. (P. bifrons DC.) — 

 Low ground, N. J., and southw. 



2. P. camphor^ta (L.) DC. (Salt Marsh Flkabane.) Annual, pale, 3-15 

 dra. high ; leaves slightly petioled, oblong-ovate- or lanceolate, tliickish, obscurely 

 veiny, subentire or serrate ; corymb flat ; heads 5-9 mm. high ; involucral bracts 

 ovate to lanceolate, puberulent. — Salt marshes, Mass. to Va., and southw. 



3. P. petiolita Cass. Greener and smoother ; leaves slender-petioled, more 

 finely and sharply serrate ; heads smaller; bracts merely granular. — Moist soil, 

 Md. to 111., Kan., and southw. 



27. gIfOLA Cass. Cotton Rose 



Heads rather many-flowered, discoid ; flowers as in Pluchea, the central usually 

 sterile. Receptacle elongated or top-shaped ; the chaff resembling the proper 

 involucral bracts, each scale covering a single pistillate flower. Achenes terete ; 

 pappus of the central flowers capillary, of the outer ones mostly none. — Annual, 

 with entire leaves, and small heads in capitate clusters. (Name an anagram of 

 Filago, the name of a related genus.) 



1. G. germAnica (L.) Dumort. (Hekba Impia.) Stem erect, short, clothed 

 with lanceolate upright crowded leaves, and producing a capitate cluster of 

 woolly heads, from which rise one or more branches, each terminated by a 

 similar head, and so on; — hence the common name applied to it by the old 

 botanists, as if the offspring were undutifully exalting themselves above the, 

 parent. (.Filago ~L.) — Dry fields, N. Y. to Va. July-Oot. (Nat. from Eu.) 



