834 coMPOSiTAB (composite family) 



linear to filiform and entire, or the lowest lanceolate and serrulate ; bracts 

 filiform-attenuate. — Dry plains, Mo. to Neb., southw. and westw. 



4. H. angustifblius L. /Stem slender, 0.5-2 m. high, usually scabrous; leaves 

 mostly opposite, long and linear, sessile, entire, with revolute margins ; heads 

 loosely corymbed, long-pedunoled ; bracts acute or pointed. — Low pine barrens, 

 L. I. and N. J. to Ky., and southw. 



* * Involucral bracts closer, more imbricated, short, unequal and not foliaceous ; 



leaves lanceolate to ovate, mostly opposite and S-nerved. 

 -!- Disk dark. 



5. H. atr6rubens L. Bough-hairy; stem slender, 1.5-2.5 m. high, smooth 

 and naked and forking above ; leaves thinnish, ovate or oval to oblong-lanceolate, 

 or the lowest heart-shaped, 7-15 cm. long, serrate, abruptly contracted into a 

 margined petiole ; heads small, corymbed ; bracts ovate, obtuse, ciliolate, 

 appressed ; rays 10-16 ; pappus of 2 fringed scales. — Dry soil, Va. to Mo., and 

 southw. ; said to extend north westw. to Minn. 



6. H. scabSrriraus Ell. Stem stout, 0.5-2 m. high or more, simple or spar- 

 ingly branched, rough ; leaves very thick and rigid, rough both sides, oblong- 

 lanceolate, usually pointed at both ends, nearly sessile, entire or serrate, the 

 lowest oval ; heads nearly solitary, rather large ; bracts ovate or oblong, obtuse, 

 or mostly acute, ciliate, appressed ; rays 20-25 ; pappus of 2 large and often sev- 

 eral small scales. {H. rigidus Desf . ) — Dry prairies, Mich, to the Saskatchewan, 

 westw. and southwestw. ; adventive in e. Mass. 



■1- -1- Disk yellow. 



7. H. laetifl&rus Pers. Closely resembling the preceding; leaves rather 

 thinner ; heads single or corymbed ; bracts rather fewer (in 2 or 3 rows), nar- 

 rower and acute or mostly acuminate. — Dry open places. Pa. to Minn., and 

 southw. ; sparingly adventive in e. Mass. — Rays showy, 3-5 cm. long. 



8. H. occidentillis Biddell. Somewhat hairy; stem slender, simple, naked 

 above, 1 m. or less high, sending out runners from the base, bearing 1-5 small 

 heads on long peduncles ; lowest leaves oval or lanceolate-ovate, entire or 

 obscurely serrate, roughish-pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into long 

 hairy petioles ; the upper small and remote; bracts ovate to lanceolate, acute or 

 pointed, sometimes ciliate. — Dry barrens, 0. to Minn., and southw. ; somewhat 

 established on the N. J. coast {E. F. Williams). 



Var. DowelliUnus (Curtis) T. & G. More robust, leafy in the middle, merely 

 strigillose or puberulent ; leaves larger, broadly oval, 6-9 cm. wide. — Mts. of 

 N. C. and Ga. ; said to extend northw. to D.C. 



9. H. illinofnsis Gleason. Very similar to the preceding variety, but the 

 petioles, lower part of stem, etc. , loosely villous ; leaves lance-oblong to ovate, 

 strictly opposite, the pairs separated by well developed internodes ; the blade 

 contracted into a winged petiole of nearly its own length. — Sandy SOU, in oak 

 woods, etc., along the Illinois R. {Qleason). — Recently discovered and as yet 

 but little known ; perhaps only a form of the preceding species. 



* * * Involucre looser, the bracts more acuminate or elongated or foliaceous; 



disk yeJ,low {anthers dark). 



t- Leaves all opposite, sessile, serrulate ; pubescence rather soft. 



10. H. m611is Lam. Stem simple, leafy to the top, 1 m. high; leaves ovate 

 to lanceolate, with broad cordate clasping base, pointed ; scales lanceolate, sel- 

 dom exceeding the disk. — Dry barrens, Mass. to la., Kan., and southw. 



1- -1- Leaves mostly alternate and 3-nerved, soft-pubescent beneath, scabrous 

 above ; scales very long and loose, hairy ; tips of chaff and corolla-lobes 

 hirsute. 



11. H. tomentbsus Miohx. Stem hairy, stout, 1-2. 5. m. high ; leaves obloi^- 

 lanceolate, or the lowest ovate, tapering at both ends, obscurely serrate, large 

 (1.5-3 dm. long), somewhat petioled ; disk 2.6 cm. broad; rays 12-16, about 

 2.5 cm. long. — Rich woods, Va., and southw. along the mts. 



