64 CLOVERS 



supplied with moisture. Moderate temperatures are 

 much more favorable to its growth. 



Spring weather, characterized by prolonged peri- 

 ods of alternate freezing and thawing, is disastrous 

 to the plants on dry soils, possessed of an excess of 

 moisture, when not covered with snow. They are 

 gradually drawn up out of the soil and left to die 

 on the surface. In some instances, the destruction 

 of an otherwise fine stand is complete. In other in- 

 stances, it is partial, and when it is, a heavy roller 

 run over the land is helpful in firming the soil around 

 the roots that have been thus disturbed. 



Medium red clover can be grown with some suc- 

 cess in certain parts of almost every State in the 

 Union. But in paying crops it is not much grown 

 south of parallel 37°. With irrigation it grows 

 most vigorously in the mountain valleys between the 

 Rocky and Cascade mountains, and between about 

 37" and 50° north latitude. In these valleys its habit 

 of growth is perennial. Without irrigation, the 

 highest adaptation, all things considered, is found 

 in Washington and Oregon, west of the Cascades, 

 except where shallow soils lying on gravels exist. 

 East of the mountains, the best crops are in the 

 States of Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Illi- 

 nois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota. 

 The soils of Northern Minnesota, Wisconsin and 

 Michigan, that have produced hardwood timber, 

 have unusually high adaptation to the growth of this 

 plant, and as the snow usually covers the ground 

 in these areas in winter, the crop may be relied upon 

 with much certainty. But on the sandy soils, which 



