126 CAEPOMTHES. 



the surface in the seeds represented in Kg. 5, PI. XIII., and in 

 Text-figs. 13 and 14, was probably a woody integument, which, as 

 in recent Cycad seeds and in the seeds of Ginkgo, was perhaps 

 enclosed in a thick fleshy envelope formed from the more external 

 portions of the integument. The internal cast seen in Text-fig. 15 

 may be regarded as replacing the embryo-sac. A comparison may 

 be made between the seed shown in section in Text-fig. 15 and 

 the drawing of a Ginkgo seed reproduced in a paper on the 

 Maidenhair- tree published in 1900.' 



In the seeds of some recent species of Cycads, e.g. Maero%amia 

 Fraseri, there is a large smooth area at the base of the seed by 

 which it was attached to the carpophyll, which is separated from 

 the rest of the seed by a slightly projecting ridge formed by the 

 fleshy portion of the integument.^ This smooth basal area may 

 be compared with the truncate surface of the fossil seeds. 



It is possible that some of the specimens referred to as 

 Carpolithes, sp., may be the internal casts of Carpolithes conicus. 

 In all probability Carpolithes conicus was borne by a Cyeadean 

 plant, or perhaps by a member of the Grinkgoales ; the point cannot 

 be definitely settled without further evidence, but I incline to 

 the view that the seeds are those of a Cyeadean genus. 



Numerous specimens of Carpolithes conicus may be seen in many 

 museums, e.g., Jermyn Street, York, Scarborough, Whitby, MaltoD, 

 and several others. 



V. 9004. PI. XIII. Pig. 5. 



A conical seed, 3 cm. long, with truncate and slightly arched 

 base (upper part in the drawing), traversed by a single median 

 ridge, and surrounded at the margin by numerous teeth occurring 

 either singly or in pairs. The breadth of the broad end is 2-2 cm. ; 

 the ridge shown in side-view in the figure, and passing over the 

 middle of the truncate end of the seed, becomes somewhat broader 

 in the centre, at a, probably due to the insertion of a vascular 

 bundle. 



Malton (Coralline Oolite). 



' Seward & Gowan (00), pi. ix. fig. 45. 



2 Some seeds of tliis species in the Botanical Department of the British 

 Museum, having a length of 5 cm. and a breadth of 3'5 cm., show these features 

 very clearly. See Miquel (47), pi. iii. 



