132 AKAirCARITES. 



portion. TTsrenty to twenty-four scales in each spiral series in the 

 centre of the cone." Each scale bears a single median seed as 

 in the recent Araucarias ; the scales have laterally expanded winged 

 margins, and present a close agreement, both as regards the position 

 and shape of the seed and in their form, with the seed-scales of th& 

 cones of Araucaria Coohii, A. ezcelsa, and other species belongLng 

 to the Eutacta division of Araucaria. 



An important diagnostic character which should be added to 

 Carruthers' definition is the occurrence of a single oval seed on 

 each cone-scale, the seed being situated in the median line of the 

 proximal portion of the scales. 



Type-specimen of Carruthers in the British Museum (41,036; 

 PI. XIII. Figs. 2-4, 8). The Jermyn Street Museum and the 

 British Museum possess plaster-casts of Carruthers' 'type.' 



41,036. PI. XlII. Figs. 2-4, 8. 



Type-specimen of Carruthers (Geol. Mag. pl. xi. 1866). 



The specimen represents part of a spherical cone approximately 

 13 cm. in length and 13 cm. broad; a small piece of the peduncle 

 is preserved. The cone-scales, especially in the upper part of the 

 cone, have been somewhat worn down distally, but they are more 

 perfectly preserved near the base. The exposed end of a cone- 

 scale measures 2 cm. across ; it is divided by a transverse groove 

 {d, Figs. 3-4) into two portions, a smaller upper and a larger lower 

 portion, Near the upper edge of the lower half a row of small pits 

 is clearly shown (Fig. 3) which no doubt represent vascular bundles 

 exposed on the worn-down surface of the cone-scales. Fig. 4 

 shows the scales in a more complete state ; the pits are faintly 

 indicated, and a central umbo is seen on the lower part of each scale. 



In Fig. 2, PI. XIII. a scale is shown cut through longitudinally, 

 exposing the seed, s., embedded in the substance of the scale 

 tissues, as in recent Araucarias. Fig. 8 affords a surface-view of 

 a detached scale ; the slightly depressed area s. shows the position 

 formerly occupied by the seed, and at d one sees the transverse 

 groove dividing the distal portion of the scale into an upper and 

 a lower half (compare Fig. 4, d). The umbo, seen in surface- 

 view in Fig. 4, is shown in side-view at ti in Fig. 8. 



Bruton, Somersetshire (Inferior Oolite). Purchased, 1861. 



V. 6373. An artificial cast of the type-specimen (41,036). 



