THE DWARF APPLE-TREE SI: 



shape and bounds. If they are of the dwarfest dwarfs 

 and not trained on trellis or wall (as they usually are 

 not in America), the fruit may be gathered by a man 

 standing on the ground, even from old trees. The dwarfs 

 are planted eight to ten feet apart when grown in regular 

 plantation. 



Be it said that certain kinds of stocks produce trees 

 only semi-dwarf; and in all cases if the tree is planted 

 so deep that roots strike from the cion, the top will 

 probably outgrow the stock, being supplied in part or 

 even entirely by its own roots. 



This brings us to a consideration of some of the kinds 

 of dwarf stocks, or dwarf races of the apple-tree. Be it 

 said, in understanding of the subject, that there are nat- 

 urally dwarf forms of many plants, and probably all 

 ordinary plants are capable of producing them. Thus 

 there are very compact condensed forms of arbor-vitae, 

 Norway spruce, peach-tree. These have originated as 

 seed sports and are multiplied by cuttings. So are there 

 dwarf tomatoes, dwarf China asters, dwarf sweet peas, 

 all coming more or less true from seeds, for these species 

 (of short generations) have been bred to reproduce their 

 variations. The inquirer must not suppose, therefore, 

 that the races of dwarf apple-trees are an anomally in 

 the vegetable kingdom. 



It is customary to speak of two classes or races of 

 dwarf apple-trees, the Paradise and the Doucin. The 

 former kinds are the smaller, the trees on their own 

 roots sometimes reaching not more than four feet in 

 height at full bearing maturity. On the Paradise stocks, 

 the grafted apple-tree is very small; it is a true dwarf. 

 The Doucin trees are by nature larger, and apples 



