90 THE APPLE-TREE 



dred years, and is widespread in the apple countries of 

 the world. 



If one has screens in the apple cellar, one is likely to 

 find small moths on them in the spring, larger than a 

 clothes moth, about three-fourths inch in spread of the 

 soft gray watered-silk wings. This is the imago or ma- 

 ture form of the insect known as the codlin-moth (it 

 lives on codlins or apples). The larvae or "worms" were 

 brought into the cellar in the apples; some of them 

 crawled out, spun themselves in a cocoon and pupated; 

 in due season the moth emerged, ready to lay the eggs 

 for other larvae. Ordinarily the fruit-grower does 

 not see the moth, for it is a small object amidst the 

 foliage of apple-trees ; the larva or apple-worm he knows 

 well. 



There may be two or more broods of apple-worms, 

 depending on the length of the season. In the northern 

 apple regions of North America there is usually only one 

 brood, with a partial second brood. The first brood is 

 hatched from eggs laid by moths that emerge in spring. 

 The moths come from larvae that have lain in cocoons all 

 winter, hidden under bark on the trunks and main 

 branches of the apple-tree, in crevices in nearby posts 

 and fences, and sometimes in the ground. The pupae 

 are the transformed larvae or worms that left the apple 

 of the previous year, usually before it fell, and crawled 

 down the tree to find a place to spin the silken brown 

 cocoons in which they wrapped themselves to undergo 

 the wonderful transformation. 



So is the cycle complete: egg laid in early spring, 

 mostly on the leaves; larva hatched in about one week, 

 crawling to the young apple to feed, where it lives for 



