120 CACAO 



No. 21, " Scale Insects." Coccidce of species. Of 

 these Dactylopius citri and D. calceolaria have been found 

 on cacao, also Lecanium olece and Aspidiotus destructor. 

 The most common is D. citri. When in large numbers 

 they do considerable harm, but at present they must be 

 classed as one of the lesser pests to be dealt with, although 

 they are present in considerable numbers, no fewer than 

 forty-one species being named from collections made in 

 Trinidad, of which thirty were collected by the author. 

 (See " Coccidse of Trinidad," T. D. A. Cockerell, in Bull. 

 Bot. Dept., Trinidad, 1896, April.) They can be controlled 

 by rosin and other washes. 



No. 22. Aleyrodes of species are found at times in large 

 numbers. They should be treated as No. 21. 



No. 23. "Wood Ant," or "White Ant." Termes 

 species. — There are a number of species of these ants or 

 " termites," as they are called, in most cacao-growing 

 countries. They do but little direct damage to the cacao- 

 tree, although they may be present in such numbers as 

 to become a great nuisance, by the accumulation of their 

 nests upon the trees. They affect chiefly trees which con- 

 tain rotten or fungus-infested material, which constitutes 

 their principal food. The nests can readily be destroyed 

 by the use of small quantities of bisulphide of carbon, 

 poured into holes made in the nest by a pointed iron rod, 

 or in dry weather they can be broken up and burned. 



No. 24. " Mosquito Worm " {Cutiterebra funebris, 

 Austen. — The common name was given under the idea that 

 the worm was bred from the eggs of a large mosquito. 

 The insect is common in some districts of Trinidad and on 

 the mainland of South America. It is a large fly or 

 dipterous insect which deposits its eggs under the skin of 

 animals (man included). The egg hatcjies and the larva 

 develops, and as it grows causes intense irritation at certain 

 periods. The form of the worm, however, prevents its 

 extraction — the lower part being the larger — except by a 

 surgical operation ; for if extraction is attempted the worm 

 is mutilated, and an ulcer or blood poisoning may result. 



