I. TOPOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS. vA 
subdivision, the counties and vice-counties together are increased 
to 112. The familiar names of the counties are almost always 
retained, the vice-counties being distinguished by a prefixed word, 
usually denoting the points of the compass,—North, South, East, 
West, or Mid,—as being obvious and easily remembered. Some 
few exceptions to this rule of nomenclature are introduced, where 
a familiar name already existed, as Isle of Wight, or else in order 
to avoid the awkwardness of writing, for instance, “ North North- 
umberland with North Durham ;” the name of “ Cheviotland ” 
being substituted for this latter compound. The vice-counties, 
equally as the sub-provinces, came into use only in the fourth 
volume and Supplement of the Cybele Britannica; the distribution 
of the species being traced by the provinces and counties only in 
the three earlier volumes. In this work, the sub-provinces and 
the vice-counties will come fully into use in forming a ‘ Census’ 
scale; and hence the necessity for explaining what they are and 
what their names represent. 
Divisions of Britain.—Taking the 18 Provinces as a basis, we 
are now prepared to trace larger divisions of the surface, which 
can often serviceably be substituted for the old divisions into Eng- 
land and Scotland, or England and Wales. The single mesial line 
traced from south to north, as before explained, will make two 
longitudinal divisions into East and West Britain. Two trans- 
verse lines will in turn divide the island into South, Mid, and 
North Britain. These three longitudinal divisions are thus shown 
on the map prefixed to this volume :— 
8. Britain includes provinces 1—7; sub-provinces 1—18 
M. Britain . . «2 @ B14 « = « « 10-28 
N. Britain . . . . . .15—18; . . . . 29-88 
In subdividing the whole island longitudinally by provinces only, 
there comes the difficulty before mentioned, of the two most 
northerly provinces being partly eastern and partly western. This 
difficulty is somewhat lessened by founding the two longitudinal 
divisions on the sub-provinces. On this basis, the two sub-pro- 
vinces of Lower and Upper North Highlands, together with the 
Hebrides, and also the West Channel in England, are to be 
