430 Ill. SEGREGATES AND 
still are so confused by some describers of plants and recorders of 
localities in the present day. And examples of heterophyilus, 
drawn out in running water, have been repeatedly mistaken for 
fluitans, while destitute of floating leaves ; these mistakes having 
led to some false records for the latter. On the whole, however, 
it may be said that circinatus and fluitans are now familiar to 
most botanists, and that they are seldom confused with the other 
two unless by beginners. But as to the limits and distinctions 
between heterophyllus and pantothrix, or between the two groups 
of segregates into which they are cut up, these may still come 
under the old showman’s liberally given ¢hoice to the childish 
mind, “ Which you please, my little dears.” 
The four species were recognized as such by the ante-Linnean 
botanists two centuries ago. But for the object now in view it 
will be quite far enough to go back to the ‘Synopsis’ of Ray, 
edition of 1724, which Dillenius rendered the most convenient 
edition for reference. Ray’s four species are thus characterized in 
the name-descriptions of ante-Linnean times: 
1. R. “aquatilis”.... “aquaticus folio rotundo et capillaceo.” 
“Water Crowfoot with various leaves.” 
2. R. “aquatilis omnino tenuifolius” .... “ aquaticus capil- 
laceus.” ‘‘ Fine leaved Water Crowfoot.” 
3. R. “aquaticus albus, circinatis tenuissime divisis foliis, 
floribus ex alis longis pediculis innixis.” 
4. R. “sive Polyanthemo aquatili albo affine Millefolium Ma- 
ratriphyllum fluitans.” ‘ Fennel leaved Water Crow- 
foot.” 
There is no room for dispute as to what these name-descriptions 
intended ; notwithstanding any mistakes or confusion which may 
have occurred among botanists, in actually applying the names to 
individual plants. Evidently, they intended the four species 
treated in this volume at pages 81—2. 
In the ‘ Flora Anglica’ of 1762 the Linnean aquatilis appears 
as a single species, including all the above four combined into 
one. “ Ranunculus foliis submersis capillacets, emersis peltatis’’ is 
made the type form or variety; the three others being added as 
