44. COMPOSITA:. 531 
Carduus (crispus) polyanthemos, Godr. ‘‘ Koch Syn.” 
Provinces... ? Not ascertained for this apart. 
Syn. 593. Indirectly said to be “common”, in E. B. 3. 
Carduus (crispus) litigiosus, Gren. & Godr. 
Provinces... ? Less abundant than the other forms; E. B. 3. 
Syn. 596. “C, acanthoides, Koch Syn.” “C. polyacanthos, Schreb.” 
Carduus Marianus, Linn. Silybum Marianum, Gaertn. 
Provinces 1 to 17. Cornwall to Ross. Garden escape. 
Casual or Alien. Seldom permanent. Cyb. ii. 77. iii. 454. 
Carduus oleraceus, Pers. 
Province - 8. Lincoln; Mr. Cole, fide E. Edwards. 
Alien. Particulars in Phytologist ii. 58 and 115. 
Carduus setosus, E. B. 3. 
Provinces 1- 3-11-15. Surrey; Irvine! Fife; Dewar! Orkney? 
Casual or Alien. Cyb. ii. 80. The Surrey plant came to my 
herbarium, thus labelled, through the Botanical Exchange Club, 
with the date of 1860. The Fife plant came through the extinct 
Botanical Society of London. The two examples are widely dis- 
similar in their stem-leaves and bracts. It has also been reported 
in South Devon and Durham. 
Carduus tuberosus, Linn. 
Province - 2. Formerly found in Wilts. 
Extinct? Cyb. ii. 83. iii. 455. [6 Glamorgan, erroneously.] 
Carduus Woodwardii, Cyb. brit. C. acauli-pratensis, E. B. 3. 
Provinces -2---6. Wilts. Glamorgan. 
Hybrid? Cyb. ii. 83. iii. 455. A series of examples, wild and 
garden-grown, shew a range of form sliding almost into pratensis 
at one extremity, and into caulescent acaulis at the other extremity. 
Carduus Forsteri, Bab. C. pratensi-palustris, E. B. 3. 
Provinces - 2 3- [5]. Sussex; Coleman! Surrey! 
Hybrid? Cyb. ii. 80. iii. 455. The true plant has seldom been 
found. Forms of C. pratensis have been reported occasionally 
under name of Forsteri, as from the Isle of Wight and Stafford, 
and probably from Gloucester. 
Carduus Gibsoni, Lond. Cat. C. arvensi-acaulis, E. B. 3. 
Province - 8. Essex; Mr. G. 8. Gibson. “C. dubius, Willd.” 
Hybrid? Cyb. ii. 84. Eng. Bot. ed. 3. Phytol. iti. 902. 
Carduus Newbouldi, L. C. C. nutanti-crispus, E. B. 3. 
Provinces - 38-11. ‘C. acanthoides, Flore de France.” 
Hybrid? North Essex; Rev. W. W. Newbould, in E. B. 3. 
A similar intermediate has been found near Wooler, in the Tyne 
province, by Mr. J. G. Baker. See E. C. report for 1866; also 
New Flora of N. D. page 196. 
