344 



A NATURALIST'S WANDERINGS 



maxillaries being flatter, in some instances than in others. It occurred 

 to me that this variation might be expressed by measuring the angle for- 

 med by the nasal bones and ascending processes of the maxillaries at the 

 level immediately below that of the dacryon. This measurement, which I 

 propose to call Ihe nasi-maxillary angle, is different in its object from that 

 of M. de Merejkowsky, which ascertains only the projection of the nasal 

 bones or maxillary processes. 



The outline of nose is represented by Broca's descriptive numbers 

 1 and 3. The first of these indicates a nose with a low bridge turned up- 

 wards at the tip ; the latter a straight nose with a higher bridge than the 

 other. We have therefore identified on the skulls the two forms of nose 

 observed by Mr. Forbes in the living subject. As a rule the straight nose 

 is elevated at the root, and the naso-maxillary angle is higher than in the 

 hooked nose, which is flat at the root. The nasi-malar angle is high in 



NOKM^ FRONTALIS ET LATERALIS OF THE MALE BRAOHTCEPHALIC SEULL, NO. 4. 

 (WITH THE PEEMISSIGN OP THE OOCNOIL OP THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.) 



all instances. The lower margin of the nasal aperture is usually well de- 

 fined but slopes slightly in Fome instances into the alveolar portions of 

 the maxilliE. The nasal spine is feebly developed, being represented by 

 Nos. 1 and 2 of Brooa. The alveolar portion of the maxillae has become 

 so atrophied after loss of the teeth in three skulls (one male and two 

 females) as to be reduced to almost a narrow rim of bnne ; in these the 

 alveolar height has not been measured. A correspondingly atrophied 

 condition likewise obtains in the alveolar border of the respective mandi- 

 bles. In the others in which the teeth were complete at the time of death 

 this portion of the face is short ; the measurements, however, indicate 

 a greater estimate of the vertical distance between the floor of the nose 

 and the alveolar plane, as in most instances there is a considerable degree 

 of alveolar prognathism. The maxillae are broad in comparison to their 

 length especially in the case of the male No. 10, where the maxillary or 



