52 BRITISH SPORTING FISHES. 
and the Golden carp, or gold-fish (Cyprznus 
auratus). As already stated, these have all been 
introduced ; but as carp in general are tenacious 
of life even under adverse circumstances, the fish 
have thriven amazingly in their naturalised haunts. 
By far the most common of the carp is the first- 
named, which occurs generally in ponds, and has 
even found its way into several rivers. The 
crucian carp occurs less abundantly, whilst the 
gold variety is rarer still. In many parts of the 
country this occurs in reservoirs of warm water 
connected with manufactories—the hot steam 
driven into the water making it peculiarly con- 
genial to the gold-fish. 
“The Carp is the queen of rivers; a stately, 
a good, and a very subtle fish, that was not at 
first bred, nor hath been long in England, but is 
now naturalised. ... The carp, if he have 
water room and good feed, will grow to a very 
great bigness and length ; I have heard to be much 
above a yard long. It is said by Jovius, who hath 
writ of fishes, that in the lake Lurian, in Italy, 
carps have thriven to be more than fifty pounds 
weight. Gesner says a carp has been known 
to live in the Palatinate above a hundred years; 
but most conclude, that, contrary to pike or luce, 
all carp are the better for age and bigness. The 
tongues of carps are noted to be choice and costly 
