548 AMERICAN GAME BIRD SHOOTING 
in his cage. It is evident, therefore, that a cage 3 by 6 
feet is not too small for quail to do well in; a fact 
of interest, for it renders the work of experimenting 
in this matter practicable for almost anyone. 
Some temperatures of these birds were taken, and 
it was found that the interior body temperature of a 
brooding male bobwhite was no less than 111 degrees— 
remarkably high. The brooding quail gives the eggs 
rather long periods of cooling once or twice a day. 
The records thus seem to suggest for incubators a 
temperature one or two degrees higher for quail than 
for domestic fowls. It has been noted also that the 
chicks of the ruffed grouse and the quail seem to thrive 
much better when the brooders are kept much warmer 
than is advised in the directions for domestic chickens. 
This is necessary, apparently, only for the first ten 
days or two weeks, but for that time it seems well 
to keep the temperature five degrees higher than re- 
quired for domestic fowl. The conclusion thus reached 
was confirmed by an experience in September when, of 
68 chicks in brooders, 24 died in two days. 
Professor Hodge’s explanation of the “brooder 
troubles,” which have caused the death of so many 
apparently healthy birds, seems wholly plausible. He 
regards these troubles as acute indigestion and sug- 
gestsaremedy. He gives elaborate directions for feed- 
ing, lays an especial stress on lining brooders, which 
should have no chinks or cracks into which one of these 
tiny birds may creep, on keeping them free from in- 
fection from domestic fowls, and on giving the birds 
