10 VESPERTILIONID^. 



(Mammals of India) says this species is very abundant in the cave 

 temples of Bllora and Ajunta, and adds that BIyth fully ascertained 

 that at times it sucks the blood from other bats, fixing on them 

 behind the ear. 



Family, VBSPBRTILIONID^. 



Dohson, Ann. and Mag, Nat. Hist. 1875, p. 347 ; Monog. As. Gliir. 

 p. 82 ; Gat. Ghir. Br. Mus. p. 167. 



Nostrils opening by simple crescentic or circular apertures at the 

 extremity of the muzzle, without foliaceous or cutaneous appendages. 

 Ears moderate, generally separate, inner margins arise from the sides 

 of the head. Tragi comparatively large. Middle finger with two 

 phalanges, the first (in repose) in a line with the metacarpal bone ; legs 

 short ; fibulae rudimentary. Tail long, contained in and produced to 

 the hinder margin of the interfemoral membrane. Upper incisors 

 small, placed in pairs or singly near the canines. Molars well developed 

 with acute W-shaped cusps. 



Vesperugo, Keys and Bias. Wieg. Archiv. 1839. 



Muzzle generally very broad and obtuse, glandular prominences 

 between the eyes and nostrils well developed, increasing the width of the 

 face. Crown of head flat, or very slightly raised above the facial line. 

 Ears generally shorter than the head, separate, broad and triangular, the 

 outer margin extending forwards beyond the base of the tragus, the in- 

 ternal basal lobe rounded. Tragus generally short and obtuse, the outer 

 margin more or less couvex^ the inner straight or concave. Tail less 

 than the length of head and body. The calcaneum generally supports 

 on its posterior margin a small rounded cutaneous lobe (the post-calca- 

 neumlobe). Feet short and broad; membrane thin. Upper incisors in 

 pairs separated by a wide interval ; first upper premolar minute or absent. 

 First lower premolar in the tooth row not crushed in between the 

 adjoining teeth ; its summit directed slightly outwards. 



Vesperugo serotinus, Schreh. Saugeth 1. p. 167, pi. 53; Keys 

 and Bias. Wieg. Archiv. 1889; Dohson Monog. As. Chir. p, 108, fig. A. ; 

 Gat. Ghir. Br. Mus. p. 191; Anderson, Gat. Mam. Ind. Mus. p. 124. 

 Vesperus shiraziensis, Dobson. Jour. As. Soc. Ben. 1871, p. 459; 

 Blanf. Eastern Persia p. 21. Vesperus turcomanus, Eversm. Bullet de 

 Mosc. 1840. Scotophilus serotinus, Jerdon, Mammals of India, p. 34. 



Muzzle thick, conical ; glandular prominences less developed than 

 in the species of Vesperugo. Nostrils opening sub-laterally, separated 

 by a narrow concave space. The tips of the ears laid forward 

 extend more than midway between the eyes and the end of the nose. 

 Inner basal lobe rounded, lower-third of inner margin very convex 

 forwards ; upper two-thirds faintly convex, broadly rounded at the tip. 

 Tragus about twice as long as broad, reaching its greatest width slightly 

 above the base of the inner margin, then lessening in width to the tip, 

 which is obtusely pointed; inner margin straight or concave. Thumb 

 with a small callosity at the base. Wings from the metatarsus close to 



